Fig 1.
Mosquito collection sites from April through October 2021.
1. Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission camp (<10 m from the DMZ), 2. Daeseong-dong (village inside the DMZ), 3. South gate (entrance to the DMZ), 4. Camp Bonifas, 5. Warrior Base training area, 6. Dagmar North training area, 7. Seoul (Yongsan US Army Garrison), and 8. Pyeongtaek (Humphreys US Army Garrison). This map was created using QGIS version 3.26.3 (https://www.qgis.org/ko/site) and Natural Earth (https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors; http://www.naturalearthdata.com/about/terms-of-use).
Table 1.
The number of Anopheles spp. collected at each of the collection sites from April through October 2021.
Fig 2.
(A) Example of the multiplex PCR results used to identify the eight Anopheles species in the ROK. (B) Hybrids (lanes: 3,4,5,9,10) of An. sinensis (1112 bp) and An. kleini (527 bp). Lane M: 100 bp molecular ladder marker; lane N: negative control.
Table 2.
Number (%) of the ace-1 genotypes and homozygous susceptible, heterozygous resistant, and homozygous resistant allele frequencies for each of the Anopheles species collected in/near the DMZ (6 collection sites), Yongsan USAG, and Humphreys USAG.
Table 3.
Number (%) of the kdr genotypes and homozygous susceptible, heterozygous resistant, and homozygous resistant allele frequencies for each of the Anopheles species collected in/near the DMZ (6 collection sites), Yongsan USAG, and Humphreys USAG.
Table 4.
Monthly number (%) of homozygous susceptible, heterozygous resistant, and homozygous resistant of 119S alleles for Anopheles species.
Insufficient numbers of An. lesteri, An. koreicus and An. lindesayi were collected and assayed for analysis.
Table 5.
Monthly number (%) of homozygous susceptible, heterozygous resistant, and homozygous resistant of kdr alleles for Anopheles species.
Insufficient numbers of An. lesteri, An. koreicus and An. lindesayi were collected and assayed for analysis.
Fig 3.
The proportion of ace-1 and kdr allele frequencies in Anopheles species collected in/near the DMZ, Yongsan USAG, and Humphreys USAG.
This map was created using QGIS version 3.26.3 (https://www.qgis.org/ko/site) and Natural Earth (https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors; http://www.naturalearthdata.com/about/terms-of-use).