Table 1.
Species and abundance of host-seeking adult female mosquitoes in Isla del Carmen.
Sampling was carried out during a 24-hour cycle (Time) and three sampling seasons: norte (N), dry (D), and rainy (R). The medical and veterinary relevance of mosquito species was determined by the associated pathogens reported in the literature (see references in S1 Appendix). The last three rows show the total abundance by season across all day times.
Table 2.
Seasonal and hourly species richness (Sr) of the mosquito community in Isla del Carmen.
To show the effect of an eudominant species on the local community, we compared the data including (H’1) and excluding (H’2) Ae. taeniorhynchus.
Fig 1.
Rényi diversity profiles of female mosquitoes in Isla del Carmen.
Diversity profiles are shown by time-of-day activity (A), season (B), and vegetation type (C). In the plots, α = 0 is the species richness, α = 1 is the Shannon−Weiner diversity index, α = 2 is the Simpson diversity index, and Inf is the Berger−Parker dominance index.
Table 3.
Estimated seasonal, hourly, and vegetation-type effects on host-seeking female mosquito abundance in Isla del Carmen.
Fig 2.
Estimated Hill numbers for species richness (q = 0), equally common species (q = 1), and the effective number of dominant species (q = 2) during the three sampling seasons.
Confidence interval (shaded areas) overlapping, indicates non-significant differences.
Fig 3.
Expected species richness and diversity patterns.
Rarefied estimates of species richness and diversity patterns in three sampling seasons (A) and six different sampling hours (B). Estimations are based on the sample maximal coverage (Cmax). Vertical bars represent the 95% lower and upper confidence limits.
Table 4.
Comparison of female mosquito species richness (Sr) and diversity of Isla del Carmen and other localities in the Yucatan Peninsula. Parameters were estimated from the data in this study and in the earlier published works [23,28,29,33,34].
The estimated Shannon−Wiener diversity index (H’) by locality included (H’1) and excluded (H’2) Ae. taeniorhynchus data to show the effect of this eudominant species on the community ecological signal. Capture strategy/months are indicated below table with superscripts.
Fig 4.
Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination of mosquito community.
The data show clear differences in community composition by season. Clustering is based on Bray−Curtis distance, and hulls represent 95% confidence intervals for the seasonal groups.
Fig 5.
Study site and sampling transects.
The transects were separated by dominant vegetation: semideciduous forest modified by buildings (BLDSM), mangrove and semideciduous forest (MGSM), and semideciduous and mangrove forest (SMMG). The map was made with Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ naturalearthdata.com, by masking the island shape. Study site and sampling transects were drawn from GPS data points (shapefiles available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14633234). Map units in meters.