Fig 1.
Map of districts locations, the “Triangle of plague”, and altitudes of areas.
Performed by M. Ravaoarimanga using Arc GIS 10. 8 software. Shapefile source for administrative limits: BNGRC (National Disaster Management Office), polygons cleaned and merged by UNOCHA (United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, https://www.unocha.org/) in December 2017:—All maps are in the public domain, (https://data.humdata.org/dataset/cod-ab-mdg). Raster source for altitude: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)—All maps are in the public domain. (https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/).
Fig 2.
Locations and status of investigated municipalities in the Ambositra district.
Performed by M. Ravaoarimanga using ArcGIS 10.8 software. Shapefile source for administrative limits: BNGRC (National Disaster Management Office), polygons cleaned and merged by UNOCHA (United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs/ https://www.unocha.org/) in December 2017: all maps are in the public domain and open to the public https://data.humdata.org/dataset/cod-ab-mdg.
Fig 3.
Locations and status of investigated municipalities in the Tsiroanomandidy district.
Performed by M. Ravaoarimanga using ArcGIS 10. 8 software. Shapefile source for administrative limits: BNGRC (National Disaster Management Office), polygons cleaned and merged by UNOCHA (United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs/ https://www.unocha.org/) in December 2017; all maps are in the public domain and open to the public, https://data.humdata.org/dataset/cod-ab-mdg.
Table 1.
Features of investigated and observed households with bivariate analysis results according to family epidemiological status and districts.
Table 2.
Multivariate analysis by binomial logistic regression on the influence of each socioenvironmental variable on the fokontany’s epidemiological status.