Fig 1.
Dataset of Aedes and Anopheles mosquito biodiversity in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Geographical location (points) of surveyed sites (n = 632) and their predominant land-use type across 93 collated studies (A). Colours represent the four land-use types: primary vegetation (green), secondary vegetation (blue), managed (orange) and urban (purple). Green shading on the map shows the Amazon basin, base map obtained from Harvard WorldMap [48] and Atlantic Forest, map obtained from Muylaert et al. [49]. The number of surveyed sites across broadly defined terrestrial ecoregions (forests, grassland and shrubland, and mangroves) are shown for Amazonian and extra-Amazonian regions (the remaining LAC region) (B). Proportion (%) of unique species (species richness) across total species richness in the dataset (C). Base map sourced from rnaturalearth [50].
Fig 2.
Responses of mosquito species richness and abundance to land-use type and intensity.
Aedes (purple) and Anopheles (blue) mosquito species richness (A) and abundance (B) responses to land-use types with minimal (circles), substantial (triangles) and combined (squares) use intensities. Effect sizes were adjusted to a percentage by expressing each mean fixed effect and 95% credible intervals as a percentage of the baseline (primary vegetation minimal use, shown as zero). Intensity levels for secondary vegetation, managed and urban land uses were aggregated due to a lack of data representation.
Fig 3.
Species-specific mosquito abundance responses to land-use type and intensity.
Aedes and Anopheles species abundance responses to land-use types with minimal (circles), substantial (triangles) and combined (squares) use intensities. For each genus, the four most represented species in the dataset were selected. Effect sizes were adjusted to a percentage by expressing each mean fixed effect and 95% credible intervals as a percentage of the baseline (primary vegetation minimal use, shown as zero). Intensity levels for secondary vegetation, managed and urban land uses were aggregated due to a lack of data representation.
Fig 4.
Impact of deforestation on mosquito species richness and abundance.
Influence of recent deforestation on Aedes (purple) and Anopheles (blue) mosquito abundance (circles) and species richness (triangles; A). Abundance responses of eight mosquito species to recent deforestation (in the last five years; B). Points and bars for A and B show posterior mean and 95% credible intervals for linear fixed effects estimates of recent deforestation, calculated as proportional forest loss within the last five years of the sample start date for each site-level record.