Fig 1.
Distribution of toxoplasmosis cases in free-ranging marmosets from Rio de Janeiro state from January 2017 to July 2019.
Map from Rio de Janeiro mesoregions (IBGE 2021) with total number of animals with by each mesoregion (grey box). SRC: EPCG 4674 –SIRGAS 2000 (QGIS Version 3.24.3).
Table 1.
General data and pathological findings of free-ranging marmosets (Callithrix spp.) from the State of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) with toxoplasmosis from January 2017 to July 2019.
Fig 2.
Frequency of intralesional Toxoplasma gondii zoites per organ (brain, heart, lung, liver, spleen, and kidney) evaluated by histopathology and immunohistochemistry.
Fisher’s exact test was used to compare the distribution frequency of tachyzoites and bradyzoites in the different organs evaluated in HE stained sections (a,b,c: p < 0.05) or by IHC (A,B,C: p < 0.05).
Fig 3.
Pathological findings associated with toxoplasmosis in free-ranging marmosets (Callithrix spp.).
(A) Random lytic necrotizing hepatitis with adjacent mild lipidosis, Liver, HE, Scale bar = 100 μm. (B) Immuno staining for T. gondii zoites, Liver, DAB, Scale bar = 60 μm. (C) Splenitis, histiocytic, with fibrin deposition in red pulp, Spleen, HE, Scale bar = 60 μm. (D) Immuno staining for T. gondii zoites, Spleen, DAB, Scale bar = 60 μm. (E) Interstitial pneumonia, characterized by alveolar walls expanded by histiocytes, lymphocytes and plasma cells, with moderate number of foamy macrophages, mild alveolar hemorrhage, diffuse congestion, and intracytoplasmic Toxoplasma gondii zoites (inset), Lung, HE, Scale bar = 60 μm. (F) Immuno staining for T. gondii zoites, Lung, DAB, Scale bar = 60 μm.
Fig 4.
Transmission electron microscopy from the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue of an infected marmoset.
Tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii, (A) Two ovoid organisms with 1.6 to 2.5 μm x 1.3 to 1.4 μm, a distinct nucleus (white arrow) and electron-dense granules (black arrow), Scale bar = 800 nm. (B) Tachyzoite with one central nucleus and a visible conoid (white arrow), Scale bar = 500 nm.