Fig 1.
A simplified neonatal BCPAP circuit.
BCPAP, bubble continuous positive airway pressure; NS, Normal Saline.
Fig 2.
A simplified model of modified improvised BCPAP for adults.
BCPAP, bubble continuous positive airway pressure; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; NS, Normal Saline.
Fig 3.
A mock model demonstrating U-shaped manometer filled with (A) dyed normal saline, (B) tight-fitting face mask, (C) fast-curing epoxy putty, (D) container containing NS, (E) port through which blended air can be passed, (F) and plastic tubing.
NS, Normal Saline.