Fig 1.
Bioclimatic stages of the Maghreb region.
Table 1.
Sand fly species their distribution and vectorial role in the Maghreb region.
Fig 2.
Distribution of Phlebotomus papatasi.
Available from: https://services3.arcgis.com/W1gaXmEpGR8h1K59/arcgis/rest/services/maghreb/FeatureServer.
Fig 3.
Distribution of Phlebotomus bergeroti.
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Fig 4.
Phlebotomus papatasi ♀ [2].
(A) Fourth antenna segment. (B) Spermathecae. (C) Cibarium. (D) Pharynx.
Fig 5.
Phlebotomus bergeroti ♀ [2].
(A) Fourth antenna segment. (B) Spermathecae. (C) Cibarium. (D) Pharynx. (E) Abdomen with dressed setae.
Fig 6.
Phlebotomus papatasi ♂ [2].
(A) Spines position. (B) Coxite setae. (C) Tuft of seta. (D) Setae of the lateral lobe. (E) Cibarium.
Fig 7.
Phlebotomus bergeroti ♂ [2].
(A) Spines position. (B) Coxite setae. (C) Tuft of seta. (D) Setae of the lateral lobe. (E) Paramere.
Fig 8.
Phlebotomus sergenti ♀[2].
(A) Pharynx. (B) Spermathecae. (C) Fourth antenna segment.
Fig 9.
Phlebotomus sergenti ♂ [57].
General genitalia.
Fig 10.
Distribution of Phlebotomus sergenti.
Available from: https://services3.arcgis.com/W1gaXmEpGR8h1K59/arcgis/rest/services/maghreb/FeatureServer.
Fig 11.
Phlebotomus alexandri ♀ [2].
(A) Pharynx. (B) Spermathecae. (C) Fourth antenna segment.
Fig 12.
Phlebotomus alexandri ♂ [57].
General genitalia.
Fig 13.
Distribution of Phlebotomus alexandri.
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Fig 14.
Phlebotomus kazeruni ♀ [29,61].
(A) Pharynx. (B) Spermathecae.
Fig 15.
Phlebotomus kazeruni ♂ [29].
Fig 16.
Distribution of Phlebotomus kazeruni.
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Fig 17.
Phlebotomus chabaudi ♂ [51,58].
(A) General genitalia. (B) Aedeagus shape.
Fig 18.
Phlebotomus chabaudi ♀ [44].
(A) Pharynx. (B) Spermathecae.
Fig 19.
Distribution of Phlebotomus chabaudi.
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Fig 20.
Distribution of Phlebotomus riouxi.
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Fig 21.
Phlebotomus riouxi ♀ [51].
(A) Pharynx. (B) Spermathecae. (C) Third antenna segment. (D) Fourth antenna segment. (E) Fifth antenna segment.
Fig 22.
Phlebotomus riouxi ♂ [51].
(A) General genitalia. (B–D) Third, fourth, and fifth antenna segments. (E) Basal lobe of the coxite. (F) Internal face of the basal lobe of the coxite. (G) Aedeagus shape.
Fig 23.
Phlebotomus perniciosus ♂ [36,57].
(A) General genitalia. (B) Typical aedeagus.
Fig 24.
Phlebotomus perniciosus atypical form ♂ [44,57].
(A’) General genitalia. (B) Aedeagus shape.
Fig 25.
Phlebotomus perniciosus ♀ [27,52].
(A) Atypical spermathecae. (B) Typical spermathecae. (C) Reservoir at the subterminal part of the duct. (D) Pharynx.
Fig 26.
Distribution of Phlebotomus perniciosus.
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Fig 27.
Distribution of typical Phlebotomus perniciosus.
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Fig 28.
Phlebotomus longicuspis ♂ [44,57].
(A) General genitalia. (B) Aedeagus shapes.
Fig 29.
Phlebotomus longicuspis ♀ [52].
(A) Spermathecae. (B) Reservoir at the subterminal part of the duct. (C) Pharynx.
Fig 30.
Distribution of Phlebotomus longicuspis.
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Fig 31.
Phlebotomus perfiliewi ♂ [36,57].
(A) General genitalia. (B) Aedeagus shape.
Fig 32.
Phlebotomus perfiliewi ♀ [52].
(A) Spermathecae. (B) Reservoir at the subterminal part of the duct. (C) Pharynx.
Fig 33.
Distribution of Phlebotomus perfiliewi.
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Fig 34.
(A) General genitalia. (B) Aedeagus shape.
Fig 35.
Phlebotomus ariasi ♀ [52].
(A) Spermathecae. (B) Reservoir at the subterminal part of the duct. (C) Pharynx.
Fig 36.
Distribution of Phlebotomus ariasi.
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Fig 37.
Phlebotomus chadlii ♀ [60].
Spermathecae and the reservoir at the subterminal part of the duct.
Fig 38.
Phlebotomus chadlii ♂ [36,49].
(A) General genitalia. (B) Aedeagus shape.
Fig 39.
Distribution of Phlebotomus chadlii.
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Fig 40.
Phlebotomus langeroni ♂ [36,44].
(A) General genitalia. (B) Genitalia pump. (C) Different reported aedeagus.
Fig 41.
Phlebotomus langeroni ♀ [44].
(A, B) Pharynx. (C, D) Spermathecea and the reservoir at the subterminal part of the duct.
Fig 42.
Distribution of Phlebotomus langeroni.
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Fig 43.
Phlebotomus mariae ♂ [28].
(A) General genitalia. (B) Pharynx. (C) Aedeagus.
Fig 44.
Distribution of Phlebotomus mariae.
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Fig 45.
Phlebotomus mascitti ♀ [53].
A) Pharynx, B) Spermathecae.
Fig 46.
Phlebotomus mascitti ♂ [50].
General genitalia.
Fig 47.
Distribution of Phlebotomus mascittii.
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Fig 48.
Sergentomyia minuta ♀ [44].
A) Cibarium of Se. minuta minuta, B) Cibarium of Se. minuta parroti, C) Pharynx, D) Spermathecae.
Fig 49.
Sergentomyia minuta ♂ [44].
A) General genitalia, B) Aedeagus, C) Insertion position of nondeciduous seta.
Fig 50.
Distribution of Sergentomyia minuta.
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Fig 51.
Sergentomyia fallax ♀ [2].
(A) Pharynx and Cibarium. (B) Third and fourth antenna segments. (C) Spermathecae.
Fig 52.
Sergentomyia fallax ♂ [44].
(A) General genitalia. (B) Genitalia pump. (C) Insertion of accessory spine.
Fig 53.
Distribution of Sergentomyia fallax.
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Fig 54.
Sergentomyia antennata ♂ [44].
General genitalia.
Fig 55.
Sergentomyia antennata♀ [2].
(A, B) Third and fourth antenna segments. (C, D) Third and fourth antenna segments. (E) Pharynx. (F) 2 different aspect of the cibarium. (G) Spermathecae.
Fig 56.
Distribution of Sergentomyia antennata.
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Fig 57.
Sergentomyia cincta♀ [2].
(A) Pharynx. (B, C) Third and fourth antenna segments. (D) cibarium.
Fig 58.
Distribution of Sergentomyia cincta.
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Fig 59.
Sergentomyia schwetzi ♀ [2].
(A) Different cibarium shapes. (B) Pharynx. (C) Spermathecae. (D) Atypical form of the abdomen. (E) Typical form of the abdomen.
Fig 60.
Sergentomyia schwetzi ♂ [2,44].
(A) General genitalia. (B) Different cibarial forms. (C) Pharynx.
Fig 61.
Distribution of Sergentomyia schwetzi.
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Fig 62.
Distribution of Sergentomyia africana subsp. asiatica.
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Fig 63.
Sergentomyia africana subsp asiatica ♀ [2].
(A) Pharynx and cibarium. (B) Third and fourth antenna segments. (C) Spermathecae.
Fig 64.
Distribution of Sergentomyia africana subsp eremitis.
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Fig 65.
Sergentomyia africana subsp eremitis ♂ [54].
(A) General genitalia. (B) Genital pump.
Fig 66.
Sergentomyia africana subsp eremitis ♀ [2].
(A) Pharynx and cibarium. (B) Third and fourth antenna segments. (C) Spermathecae.
Fig 67.
Distribution of Sergentomyia lewisi.
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Fig 68.
Sergentomyia lewisi ♀ [2].
(A) Pharynx and Cibarium. (B) Pigmentation of the patch. (C) Spermathecae.
Fig 69.
(A) General genitalia. (B) Genitalia pump without pavilion. (C) Cibarium.
Fig 70.
Distribution of Sergentomyia dreyfussi.
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Fig 71.
Sergentomyia dreyfussi ♂ [54].
(A) General genitalia. (B) Pharynx. (C) Cibarium. (D) Third antenna segment. (E) Genitalia pump.
Fig 72.
Sergentomyia dreyfussi ♀ [2].
(A, B) Femurs of Moroccan and Algerian specimens. (C) Pharynx and Cibarium. (D) Meteplsternum. (E) Spermathecae.
Fig 73.
Distribution of Sergentomyia clydei.
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Fig 74.
Sergentomyia clydei ♂ [2].
General genitalia.
Fig 75.
Sergentomyia clydei ♀ [2].
(A) Cibarium. (B) Third and fourth antenna segments. (C) Spermathecae.
Fig 76.
Distribution of Sergentomyia christophersi.
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Fig 77.
Sergentomyia christophersi ♂ [2,48].
(A) General genitalia. (B) Genital pump. (C) Insertion position of accessory spine.
Fig 78.
Sergentomyia christophersi ♀ [2].
(A) Pharynx. (B–D) Cibarium Guinean specimens. (E) Cibarium Tibetan specimen. (F) Third and fourth antenna segments, Guinean specimen. (G) Third and fourth antenna segments, Tibetan specimen. (H) Spermathecae, Tibetan specimen. (I) Spermathecae Guinean specimen.
Fig 79.
Distribution of Sergentomyia hirtus.
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Fig 80.
Sergentomyia hirtus ♂ [55].
(A) General genitalia. (B) Fourth antenna segment. (C) Cibarium. (D) Aedeagus. (E) Style. (F) Genitalia pump.
Fig 81.
Distribution of Sergentomyia tiberiadis.
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Fig 82.
Sergentomyia tiberiadis ♂ [2].
(A) Pharynx and Cibarium. (B) General genitalia.
Fig 83.
Sergentomyia tiberiadis ♀ [2].
(A) Pharynx and cibarium. (B) Spermathecae.