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Fig 1.

Bioclimatic stages of the Maghreb region.

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Fig 1 Expand

Table 1.

Sand fly species their distribution and vectorial role in the Maghreb region.

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Table 1 Expand

Fig 2.

Distribution of Phlebotomus papatasi.

Available from: https://services3.arcgis.com/W1gaXmEpGR8h1K59/arcgis/rest/services/maghreb/FeatureServer.

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Fig 2 Expand

Fig 3.

Distribution of Phlebotomus bergeroti.

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Fig 3 Expand

Fig 4.

Phlebotomus papatasi ♀ [2].

(A) Fourth antenna segment. (B) Spermathecae. (C) Cibarium. (D) Pharynx.

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Fig 4 Expand

Fig 5.

Phlebotomus bergeroti ♀ [2].

(A) Fourth antenna segment. (B) Spermathecae. (C) Cibarium. (D) Pharynx. (E) Abdomen with dressed setae.

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Fig 5 Expand

Fig 6.

Phlebotomus papatasi ♂ [2].

(A) Spines position. (B) Coxite setae. (C) Tuft of seta. (D) Setae of the lateral lobe. (E) Cibarium.

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Fig 6 Expand

Fig 7.

Phlebotomus bergeroti ♂ [2].

(A) Spines position. (B) Coxite setae. (C) Tuft of seta. (D) Setae of the lateral lobe. (E) Paramere.

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Fig 7 Expand

Fig 8.

Phlebotomus sergenti ♀[2].

(A) Pharynx. (B) Spermathecae. (C) Fourth antenna segment.

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Fig 8 Expand

Fig 9.

Phlebotomus sergenti ♂ [57].

General genitalia.

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Fig 9 Expand

Fig 10.

Distribution of Phlebotomus sergenti.

Available from: https://services3.arcgis.com/W1gaXmEpGR8h1K59/arcgis/rest/services/maghreb/FeatureServer.

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Fig 10 Expand

Fig 11.

Phlebotomus alexandri ♀ [2].

(A) Pharynx. (B) Spermathecae. (C) Fourth antenna segment.

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Fig 11 Expand

Fig 12.

Phlebotomus alexandri ♂ [57].

General genitalia.

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Fig 12 Expand

Fig 13.

Distribution of Phlebotomus alexandri.

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Fig 13 Expand

Fig 14.

Phlebotomus kazeruni ♀ [29,61].

(A) Pharynx. (B) Spermathecae.

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Fig 14 Expand

Fig 15.

Phlebotomus kazeruni ♂ [29].

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Fig 15 Expand

Fig 16.

Distribution of Phlebotomus kazeruni.

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Fig 16 Expand

Fig 17.

Phlebotomus chabaudi ♂ [51,58].

(A) General genitalia. (B) Aedeagus shape.

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Fig 17 Expand

Fig 18.

Phlebotomus chabaudi ♀ [44].

(A) Pharynx. (B) Spermathecae.

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Fig 18 Expand

Fig 19.

Distribution of Phlebotomus chabaudi.

Available from: https://services3.arcgis.com/W1gaXmEpGR8h1K59/arcgis/rest/services/maghreb/FeatureServer.

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Fig 19 Expand

Fig 20.

Distribution of Phlebotomus riouxi.

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Fig 20 Expand

Fig 21.

Phlebotomus riouxi ♀ [51].

(A) Pharynx. (B) Spermathecae. (C) Third antenna segment. (D) Fourth antenna segment. (E) Fifth antenna segment.

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Fig 21 Expand

Fig 22.

Phlebotomus riouxi ♂ [51].

(A) General genitalia. (B–D) Third, fourth, and fifth antenna segments. (E) Basal lobe of the coxite. (F) Internal face of the basal lobe of the coxite. (G) Aedeagus shape.

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Fig 22 Expand

Fig 23.

Phlebotomus perniciosus ♂ [36,57].

(A) General genitalia. (B) Typical aedeagus.

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Fig 23 Expand

Fig 24.

Phlebotomus perniciosus atypical form ♂ [44,57].

(A’) General genitalia. (B) Aedeagus shape.

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Fig 24 Expand

Fig 25.

Phlebotomus perniciosus ♀ [27,52].

(A) Atypical spermathecae. (B) Typical spermathecae. (C) Reservoir at the subterminal part of the duct. (D) Pharynx.

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Fig 25 Expand

Fig 26.

Distribution of Phlebotomus perniciosus.

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Fig 26 Expand

Fig 27.

Distribution of typical Phlebotomus perniciosus.

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Fig 27 Expand

Fig 28.

Phlebotomus longicuspis ♂ [44,57].

(A) General genitalia. (B) Aedeagus shapes.

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Fig 28 Expand

Fig 29.

Phlebotomus longicuspis ♀ [52].

(A) Spermathecae. (B) Reservoir at the subterminal part of the duct. (C) Pharynx.

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Fig 29 Expand

Fig 30.

Distribution of Phlebotomus longicuspis.

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Fig 30 Expand

Fig 31.

Phlebotomus perfiliewi ♂ [36,57].

(A) General genitalia. (B) Aedeagus shape.

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Fig 31 Expand

Fig 32.

Phlebotomus perfiliewi ♀ [52].

(A) Spermathecae. (B) Reservoir at the subterminal part of the duct. (C) Pharynx.

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Fig 32 Expand

Fig 33.

Distribution of Phlebotomus perfiliewi.

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Fig 33 Expand

Fig 34.

Phlebotomus ariasi ♂ [36,57].

(A) General genitalia. (B) Aedeagus shape.

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Fig 34 Expand

Fig 35.

Phlebotomus ariasi ♀ [52].

(A) Spermathecae. (B) Reservoir at the subterminal part of the duct. (C) Pharynx.

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Fig 35 Expand

Fig 36.

Distribution of Phlebotomus ariasi.

Available from: https://services3.arcgis.com/W1gaXmEpGR8h1K59/arcgis/rest/services/maghreb/FeatureServer.

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Fig 36 Expand

Fig 37.

Phlebotomus chadlii ♀ [60].

Spermathecae and the reservoir at the subterminal part of the duct.

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Fig 37 Expand

Fig 38.

Phlebotomus chadlii ♂ [36,49].

(A) General genitalia. (B) Aedeagus shape.

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Fig 38 Expand

Fig 39.

Distribution of Phlebotomus chadlii.

Available from: https://services3.arcgis.com/W1gaXmEpGR8h1K59/arcgis/rest/services/maghreb/FeatureServer.

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Fig 39 Expand

Fig 40.

Phlebotomus langeroni ♂ [36,44].

(A) General genitalia. (B) Genitalia pump. (C) Different reported aedeagus.

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Fig 40 Expand

Fig 41.

Phlebotomus langeroni ♀ [44].

(A, B) Pharynx. (C, D) Spermathecea and the reservoir at the subterminal part of the duct.

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Fig 41 Expand

Fig 42.

Distribution of Phlebotomus langeroni.

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Fig 42 Expand

Fig 43.

Phlebotomus mariae ♂ [28].

(A) General genitalia. (B) Pharynx. (C) Aedeagus.

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Fig 43 Expand

Fig 44.

Distribution of Phlebotomus mariae.

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Fig 44 Expand

Fig 45.

Phlebotomus mascitti ♀ [53].

A) Pharynx, B) Spermathecae.

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Fig 45 Expand

Fig 46.

Phlebotomus mascitti ♂ [50].

General genitalia.

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Fig 46 Expand

Fig 47.

Distribution of Phlebotomus mascittii.

Available from: https://services3.arcgis.com/W1gaXmEpGR8h1K59/arcgis/rest/services/maghreb/FeatureServer.

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Fig 47 Expand

Fig 48.

Sergentomyia minuta ♀ [44].

A) Cibarium of Se. minuta minuta, B) Cibarium of Se. minuta parroti, C) Pharynx, D) Spermathecae.

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Fig 48 Expand

Fig 49.

Sergentomyia minuta ♂ [44].

A) General genitalia, B) Aedeagus, C) Insertion position of nondeciduous seta.

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Fig 49 Expand

Fig 50.

Distribution of Sergentomyia minuta.

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Fig 50 Expand

Fig 51.

Sergentomyia fallax ♀ [2].

(A) Pharynx and Cibarium. (B) Third and fourth antenna segments. (C) Spermathecae.

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Fig 51 Expand

Fig 52.

Sergentomyia fallax ♂ [44].

(A) General genitalia. (B) Genitalia pump. (C) Insertion of accessory spine.

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Fig 52 Expand

Fig 53.

Distribution of Sergentomyia fallax.

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Fig 53 Expand

Fig 54.

Sergentomyia antennata ♂ [44].

General genitalia.

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Fig 54 Expand

Fig 55.

Sergentomyia antennata♀ [2].

(A, B) Third and fourth antenna segments. (C, D) Third and fourth antenna segments. (E) Pharynx. (F) 2 different aspect of the cibarium. (G) Spermathecae.

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Fig 55 Expand

Fig 56.

Distribution of Sergentomyia antennata.

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Fig 56 Expand

Fig 57.

Sergentomyia cincta♀ [2].

(A) Pharynx. (B, C) Third and fourth antenna segments. (D) cibarium.

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Fig 57 Expand

Fig 58.

Distribution of Sergentomyia cincta.

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Fig 58 Expand

Fig 59.

Sergentomyia schwetzi ♀ [2].

(A) Different cibarium shapes. (B) Pharynx. (C) Spermathecae. (D) Atypical form of the abdomen. (E) Typical form of the abdomen.

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Fig 59 Expand

Fig 60.

Sergentomyia schwetzi ♂ [2,44].

(A) General genitalia. (B) Different cibarial forms. (C) Pharynx.

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Fig 60 Expand

Fig 61.

Distribution of Sergentomyia schwetzi.

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Fig 61 Expand

Fig 62.

Distribution of Sergentomyia africana subsp. asiatica.

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Fig 62 Expand

Fig 63.

Sergentomyia africana subsp asiatica ♀ [2].

(A) Pharynx and cibarium. (B) Third and fourth antenna segments. (C) Spermathecae.

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Fig 63 Expand

Fig 64.

Distribution of Sergentomyia africana subsp eremitis.

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Fig 64 Expand

Fig 65.

Sergentomyia africana subsp eremitis ♂ [54].

(A) General genitalia. (B) Genital pump.

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Fig 65 Expand

Fig 66.

Sergentomyia africana subsp eremitis ♀ [2].

(A) Pharynx and cibarium. (B) Third and fourth antenna segments. (C) Spermathecae.

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Fig 66 Expand

Fig 67.

Distribution of Sergentomyia lewisi.

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Fig 67 Expand

Fig 68.

Sergentomyia lewisi ♀ [2].

(A) Pharynx and Cibarium. (B) Pigmentation of the patch. (C) Spermathecae.

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Fig 68 Expand

Fig 69.

Sergentomyia lewisi ♂ [2,57].

(A) General genitalia. (B) Genitalia pump without pavilion. (C) Cibarium.

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Fig 69 Expand

Fig 70.

Distribution of Sergentomyia dreyfussi.

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Fig 70 Expand

Fig 71.

Sergentomyia dreyfussi ♂ [54].

(A) General genitalia. (B) Pharynx. (C) Cibarium. (D) Third antenna segment. (E) Genitalia pump.

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Fig 71 Expand

Fig 72.

Sergentomyia dreyfussi ♀ [2].

(A, B) Femurs of Moroccan and Algerian specimens. (C) Pharynx and Cibarium. (D) Meteplsternum. (E) Spermathecae.

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Fig 72 Expand

Fig 73.

Distribution of Sergentomyia clydei.

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Fig 73 Expand

Fig 74.

Sergentomyia clydei ♂ [2].

General genitalia.

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Fig 74 Expand

Fig 75.

Sergentomyia clydei ♀ [2].

(A) Cibarium. (B) Third and fourth antenna segments. (C) Spermathecae.

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Fig 75 Expand

Fig 76.

Distribution of Sergentomyia christophersi.

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Fig 76 Expand

Fig 77.

Sergentomyia christophersi ♂ [2,48].

(A) General genitalia. (B) Genital pump. (C) Insertion position of accessory spine.

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Fig 77 Expand

Fig 78.

Sergentomyia christophersi ♀ [2].

(A) Pharynx. (B–D) Cibarium Guinean specimens. (E) Cibarium Tibetan specimen. (F) Third and fourth antenna segments, Guinean specimen. (G) Third and fourth antenna segments, Tibetan specimen. (H) Spermathecae, Tibetan specimen. (I) Spermathecae Guinean specimen.

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Fig 78 Expand

Fig 79.

Distribution of Sergentomyia hirtus.

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Fig 79 Expand

Fig 80.

Sergentomyia hirtus ♂ [55].

(A) General genitalia. (B) Fourth antenna segment. (C) Cibarium. (D) Aedeagus. (E) Style. (F) Genitalia pump.

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Fig 80 Expand

Fig 81.

Distribution of Sergentomyia tiberiadis.

Available from: https://services3.arcgis.com/W1gaXmEpGR8h1K59/arcgis/rest/services/maghreb/FeatureServer.

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Fig 81 Expand

Fig 82.

Sergentomyia tiberiadis ♂ [2].

(A) Pharynx and Cibarium. (B) General genitalia.

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Fig 82 Expand

Fig 83.

Sergentomyia tiberiadis ♀ [2].

(A) Pharynx and cibarium. (B) Spermathecae.

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Fig 83 Expand