Fig 1.
Sample strategy for household selection in rural, peri-urban and urban study sites of Mongolia.
Fig 2.
Sample types positive for Cryptosporidium spp. and/or Giardia duodenalis at each Mongolian household with zoonotic enteric parasite presence.
Table 1.
Occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in human, animal, water, and fly samples (n = 1,354) collected at Mongolian study households (n = 250).
Table 2.
Characteristics of Mongolian Households with Zoonotic Enteric Parasite Presence (n = 51) and Without (n = 199).
Table 3.
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Access and Behaviors at Rural (n = 150), Peri-Urban (n = 50), and Urban (n = 50) Mongolian Study Households and Households with Zoonotic Enteric Parasite Prevalence (n = 51).
Table 4.
Bivariate and multivariate analysis of the association between household risk factors and the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. and/or Giardia duodenalis in humans, animals, and the environment.
Fig 3.
Predicted prevalence that a participating household would have a household member positive for Cryptosporidium spp. and/or Giardia duodenalis.
The probability of a positive specimen was modeled as a function of coordinate location and the results of animal, fly, and water testing. The fit model was then predicted to a dense grid of coordinate locations in the environs of the sampling sites. The model revealed spatial heterogeneity, with lower prevalence of the two pathogens in the southernmost cluster of samples. Adjustment for nonhuman samples did not blunt the spatial heterogeneity.