Fig 1.
Flowchart of selection of Indeterminate Form Chagas Disease (IFCD) group of individuals with Chagas positive serologies.
Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics across the groups.
Table 2.
Echocardiographic parameters of LV and RV structure and function across the groups.
Fig 2.
Global strain from LV (GLS, GCS, GRS) and RV (free wall) GLS in IFCD and CCC groups.
Fig 2 shows median values of each studied group (NC, IFCD and CCC) of LV GLS, GCS, GRS and RV GLS. All indexes of LV and RV global deformation express a tendency of reduction from NC to IFCD and to CCC. IFCD = Indeterminate Form of Chagas disease; CCC = Chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy; LV = left ventricle; RV = right ventricle; GLS = global longitudinal strain; GCS = global circumferential strain; GRS = global radial strain. p-value of comparison between NC vs IFCD.
Fig 3.
LV Twist (panel A) and torsion (panel B) between groups.
Fig 3 depicts median values of twist (panel A) and torsion (panel B) with a tendency of reduction from NC to IFCD and to CCC. p-value of comparison between NC vs IFCD.
Table 3.
LV longitudinal regional strain comparison across the groups.
Table 4.
Relationship of echocardiographic parameters of LV and RV ventricular mechanics and LV fibrosis in patients with Chagas disease (IFCD+CCC).
Fig 4.
Correlation between myocardium percentage of fibrosis and GLS in patients with CD.
Dotted line marks the clinical lower limit of normality of GLS for this software.
Fig 5.
Illustrative examples of subjects with IFCD (panel A and B) and CCC (panels C and D).
Panels A and C show RegLS in a bulls-eye representation. Inferior panels (B and D) represent wall motion values (left) and hyper-enhancement (fibrosis) at right. This IFCD subject (panel A and B) shows reduced RegLS even without myocardial fibrosis in LGE. CCC subject (C and D) shows worse RegLS values and there is a topographic correlation with fibrosis.