Fig 1.
Clinical score and lesion progression in mite infested pigs (n = 8).
Ear lesions were scored weekly. Score of 1–4: acute mange with generalized rash and papular lesions of increasing density, 4: development of increasing encrustment, 8: extensive encrustment spreading externally to the ears. Significant difference in lesion score between pigs classified as CS vs OS was observed from Week 4 onwards (p < 0.0001).
Fig 2.
Principal component analysis (PCA) plot comparing gene expression in CS (n = 4) with OS (n = 4) samples.
Samples from week 0 pre-infestation (A), and week 1 (B) and week 8 (C) following S. scabiei infestation are plotted. PCA demonstrated that the CS samples grouped separately to OS samples. Each circle represents 1 sample. Red circles indicate CS samples and blue indicate OS samples.
Table 1.
Number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CS vs OS following infestation with S. scabiei in pigs.
Differential gene expression was deduced by 2-way ANOVA combined with a Fisher's Least Significant Difference (LSD) post-hoc test in CS (n = 4) relative to OS (n = 4) samples at time points 0 (pre-infestation) and 1, 2, 4 and 8 wpi. Number of up or down regulated genes with a p-value of ≤ 0.05 and fold change of ≥ ± 2.0 at each time point are indicated.
Fig 3.
Venn diagrams showing shared and unique transcripts between CS vs C and OS vs C comparisons.
Up (UR) and down (DR) regulated genes with a p-value <0.05 and fold change ≥ ± 2 were compared at 1 and 8 weeks post-infestation. A: week 1 downregulated genes, B: week 1 up regulated genes; C: week 8 down regulated genes and D: week 8 up regulated genes.
Table 2.
Top 10 differently expressed genes (DEGs) following infestation with S. scabiei in pigs.
The DEGs included are those which showed ≥ ± 2 fold change in expression with p ≤ 0.05 in CS relative to OS pigs at time points week 0 (pre-infestation) and, 1, 2, 4 and 8 wpi. + is upregulated and—is downregulated.
Table 3.
Top 5 most significant (and top 5 immunity related) canonical signalling pathways from the IPA mapping at each time point following infestation with S. scabiei in CS vs OS pigs.
Fig 4.
IPA canonical pathway depicting relationships among genes associated with Complement System at week 2 post-infestation in CS versus OS pigs.
The differentially expressed genes included are those which showed ≥ ± 2 fold change in expression with p < 0.05. Individual nodes represent protein functions with relationships represented by edges. Nodes coloured by gene expression with green down- regulated genes and white indicating not differentially expressed genes.
Fig 5.
IPA canonical pathway depicting Nur77 signalling pathway in lymphocytes at week 4 post-infestation in CS versus OS pigs.
The differentially expressed genes included are those which showed ≥ ± 2 fold change in expression with p < 0.05. Individual nodes represent protein functions with relationships represented by edges. Nodes coloured by gene expression with pink indicate up- regulated genes.
Fig 6.
IPA canonical pathway depicting relationships among genes associated with Role of IL-17A and S100s –calcium binding proteins in Psoriasis at week 8 post infestation in CS vs OS pigs.
The differentially expressed genes included are those which showed ≥ ± 2 fold change in expression with p < 0.05. Nodes coloured by gene expression with red (higher levels of expression) and pink nodes representing up regulated genes and white indicating not differentially expressed genes.