Fig 1.
Genital Self-sampling in the BILHIV Study.
A) Participants held a 6-inch vaginal swab at the 2 3/8-inch score mark, inserted the swab vaginally until their fingers touched the labia minora, and rotated the swab against the vaginal walls (minimum 15 repetitions). B) Participants held the 6 3/4-inch cervical swab at the non-flocked end, inserted the swab until their fingers touched the labia minora and/or encountered resistance, and rotated the swab against the place of resistance (minimum 15 repetitions).
Fig 2.
Not visited - the participant was not visited before the study closed for enrollment (189) Visited but not contacted - a visit was made to the study household, but the participant could not be located (70), had relocated (39), or died (1) Contacted & not immediately enrolled - (42), out of town (18), declined to participate (60) Contacted & ineligible - virgin (16), pregnant (17), over 31 (8)
Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of 603 Zambian women living in S. haematobium endemic areas near the Zambezi river by district.
Table 2.
Diagnostic test results and FGS prevalence in 603 Zambian women living in S. haematobium endemic areas near the Zambezi river.
Fig 3.
Distribution of positive diagnostic test results by age group.
A. Distribution of positive urine CAA, urine microscopy, and urine PCR results by age group* B. Distribution of positive genital PCR results by age group* C. Distribution of any positive genital PCR result by age group* *Please see S1 Table for further details of the numbers of women tested per time point
Fig 4.
Venn Diagram of 28* Positive PCR-based Self-Collected Specimens (paired with CVL) for Schistosoma by Collection Type *2 participants with positive genital self-collected specimens did not follow up in clinic for cervicovaginal lavage.
Table 3.
Sensitivity and specificity of genital specimens for the detection of Schistosoma DNA by PCR.
Table 4.
Sub-analysis of sensitivity and specificity of self-collected genital swabs compared with cervicovaginal lavage for the detection of Schistosoma DNA in participants with positive urine specimens: CAA(n = 78), microscopy (n = 32), PCR (n = 26).