Fig 1.
Flowchart of the studies identified, screened, and included in this review.
Fig 2.
Schematic representation of molecular mechanism of LAMP (three major steps in the LAMP reaction) and localization of the LAMP primers on target DNA sequence.
Table 1.
Overview of LAMP assays for diagnosis of human and canine leishmaniases reported in previous studies.
Fig 3.
Reported LAMP diagnostic accuracy by study and test with forest plots.
(A) Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL)-LAMP on tissue biopsy (B) Visceral leishmaniasis (VL)-LAMP on whole blood. (C) VL-LAMP on buffy coat. (D) HIV-VL co-infection-LAMP on whole blood. (E) Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL)-LAMP on tissue biopsy. FN, False-negative; FP, False-positive; TN: True-negative; TP, True-positive.
Fig 4.
Graphic demonstration of colorimetric-MG-based LAMP assay for rapid mass-screening of individual sand flies for Leishmania infection.
Table 2.
Summary of methods used in LAMP amplicon end-point detection in previous studies.