Fig 1.
Land uses of the study area of Chenzhou City (prefecture-level) in 2015, and the sampling sites locations used for rodent surveillance.
Different colors in the base map represent the different types of land use (yellow: cultivated land; green: forest; light green: grass; rose: built-on land; dark blue: water body). The dark points and areas within the blue line show the locations of the sampling sites and areas of rodent surveillance, respectively. The gray and dark lines are boundaries at county and prefecture-level city, respectively. The maps for the land use types in Chenzhou City during 2006–2015 can be found in the appendix.
Fig 2.
Hypothetical processes affecting the environment, rodents, and humans, and the matrix calculations.
Words shown in blue are the monitored objects and pink boxes are the main coefficients that we calculated. All the matrices are named and emphasized in plum color. Green boxes represent potential interaction processes and orange boxes represent the viruses that couldn’t surveyed directly.
Fig 3.
Annual proportion of HFRS cases among different land types in 2006–2015.
Each column indicates the proportion of HFRS cases among the different land-use types (deep green: cultivated land; orange: forest; purple: grass; rose: built-on land; light green: water body) in a year.
Table 1.
Number of rodents of each species trapped in Chenzhou, 2006–2015.
Fig 4.
Proportion of each rodent species trapped in Chenzhou City, 2006–2015.
Each column indicates the proportion of different rodent species (green: R. norvegicus; purple: M. musculus; orange: R. flavipectus; yellow: other species) in a year.
Fig 5.
Monthly environmental variables data for Chenzhou, 2006–2015. The x-axis is arranged by year and within the segment of each year the values are ranked by month from January to December.
Tem: temperature (°C), H: relative humidity (%), Pre: precipitation (mm), NDVI: the normalized difference vegetation index, TVDI: the temperature vegetation dryness index (the values in some moths were abnormal and have been removed from the analysis).
Fig 6.
(A) Potential contact rates, as determined by potential contact matrix β, between humans and rodents among the different land-use types in Chenzhou; (B) Environment-to-rodent influence rates on different rodent species in Chenzhou for the different environmental variables, as determined by the environmental coefficient matrix α.
Low values are shown in dark blue and high values in red. Positive values represent positive associations, and vice versa. Tem: temperature, H: relative humidity, Pre: precipitation, NDVI: the normalized difference vegetation index, TVDI: the temperature vegetation dryness index.
Table 2.
Predicted proportions and relative possibility of HFRS incidence risk and the number of observed HFRS cases among the different land types in 2014 and 2015.
Table 3.
Predicted proportions and relative possibility of HFRS incidence risk and the number of observed HFRS cases among the different land-use types in 2014 and 2015.
(On-diagonal data to predict the off-diagonal risk).
Table 4.
Predicted proportions and relative possibility of HFRS incidence risk and the number of observed HFRS cases among the different land-use types in 2014 and 2015.
(Off-diagonal data to predict the on-diagonal risk).