Table 1.
Study sites and the corresponding numbers of HAT cases and controls that were enrolled.
Fig 1.
STARD diagram describing the flow of participants through the study.
Fig 2.
Sensitivity (A), specificity (B) and accuracy (C) of the RDT2, RDT1 and CATT tests, by screening method.
RDT1: SD BIOLINE HAT rapid diagnostic test; RDT2: SD BIOLINE HAT 2.0 rapid diagnostic test; CATT: card agglutination test for trypanosomiasis.
Table 2.
Differences in sensitivity and specificity between screening tests, and by method of screening.
Table 3.
Sensitivity and specificity of individual antigens in screening tests, by screening method.
Table 4.
Sensitivity of the three screening tests and individual antigens, by disease stage.
Fig 3.
Sensitivity (A) and specificity (B) of all possible combinations of two or three screening tests, by screening method and by disease stage.
Test combinations are shown in descending order of sensitivity. RDT1: SD BIOLINE HAT rapid diagnostic test; RDT2: SD BIOLINE HAT 2.0 rapid diagnostic test; CATT: card agglutination test for trypanosomiasis. The result of the combination of tests is positive if at least one of the tests is positive, while the result is negative if all the tests of the combination are negative.
Fig 4.
Venn diagrams showing the number of true positive results obtained with the RDT2, RDT1 and CATT tests.
(A) Results from active and passive screening combined (N = 258 true positives); (B) results from active screening (N = 136 true positives); (C) results from passive screening (N = 122 true positives). For the sake of simplicity, only results obtained by the first reader are shown. The total number of true positives does not equal the total number of cases enrolled in the study (N = 260), as the first reader missed two cases in active screening.
Fig 5.
Venn diagrams showing the number of false positive results obtained with the RDT2, RDT1 and CATT tests.
(A) Results from active and passive screening combined (N = 1,768 false positives); (B) results from active screening (N = 769 false positives); (C) results from passive screening (N = 999 false positives). For the sake of simplicity, only results obtained by the first reader are shown.