Fig 1.
The location of Urim marked on the map of Israel (lower right panel) and a map of Urim and the surroundings showing the study area.
Filled circles indicate the trapping sites according to land use categories, black circles indicate the reference traps, lines delineate the zones of Urim.
Fig 2.
Sand flies marked by feeding on sugar solutions containing food dyes.
Marking is demonstrated with Phlebotomus sergenti sand flies from the Judean Desert.
Fig 3.
Melting curve features of Leishmania major, L. tropica, L. infantum/donovani, L. aethipica and L. arabica.
Fig 4.
The dispersal experiment set-up.
The locations of the marking sites indicated by the large red, blue, orange, yellow and green circles and the monitoring traps indicated by the small turquoise circles.
Fig 5.
The seasonal distribution of Phlebotomus papatasi based on the reference traps data.
A. population densities; B. female densities and MIR; C. female densities and EREI.
Fig 6.
The spatial distribution of sand flies and infection rates in each trapping site.
Maximal number of sand flies expressed by the size and color of the circles and the MIR values expressed by the size of the black triangles.
Table 1.
Trapping efforts and sand fly data summarized according to land use category.
Table 2.
Number and proportion of marked non-dispersing sand flies, in the marking sites traps.
Fig 7.
Sand fly dispersal from the five marking sites.
A-yellow, B-green, C-red, D-orange, E-blue. Black stars indicate the marking sites, the annuli used for MDT calculation are marked by the concentric rings.
Table 3.
The number of dispersing sand flies, mean (MDT) and maximal (Max) travel distances.
Table 4.
The ratios between dispersing and non-dispersing sand flies.