Fig 1.
Schematic summary of the study design showing the species, the numbers and the physiological status of the study animals.
The study was carried out in three sites (Kabete, Kiboko and Ngong)—all government farms with similar farm management conditions. We used 404 animals in the study, including 85 cattle, 168 sheep, and 151 goats. Of these, 194 were vaccinated with RVF Clone 13 vaccine whereas 210 were injected with placebo. The study animals were divided into 3 groups; Group A included non-pregnant animals, Group B included animal in 1st half of the pregnancy, and Group C animals in 2nd half of pregnancy.
Fig 2.
Proportion of cattle positive for anti-RVF antibodies following vaccination with RVF Clone 13 vaccine.
Left panel (bottom) shows proportion of cattle with IgG antibodies following vaccination 14 to 366 days post-vaccination. The right panel (bottom) shows proportion of cattle that produced anti-RVF IgM antibodies over the 1 year period. The top panel on the left and right are the placebo-treated animals.
Fig 3.
Proportion of goats positive for anti-RVF antibodies following vaccination with RVF Clone 13 vaccine.
Left panel (bottom) proportion of the goats with IgG antibodies following vaccination within 14 to 366 days post-vaccination. The right panel (bottom) shows proportion of goats that produced anti-RVF IgM antibodies over the 1 year period. The top panel on the left and right are the placebo-treated animals.
Fig 4.
Proportion of sheep positive for anti-RVF antibodies following vaccination with RVF Clone 13 vaccine.
Left panel (bottom) shows proportion of sheep showing IgG antibodies following vaccination within 14 to 366 days post-vaccination. The right panel (bottom) shows proportion of sheep that produced anti-RVF IgM antibodies. The top panel on the left and right are the placebo-treated animals.
Table 1.
Odds ratios for sero-conversion by day 14 for vaccinated and placebo groups of cattle, sheep, and goats.
Table 2.
Comparison of ELISA and VNT titers in RVF Clone 13 vaccinated cattle, goats, and sheep.