Fig 1.
Sites of bat collection, showing numbers of bats collected.
Madagascar, 2013.
Table 1.
Ectoparasites and Bartonella spp. in Madagascar fruit bats.
Fig 2.
Venn-diagrams of infection/co-infection with bat flies, bat fleas, and Bartonella spp. across roosting sites for Eidolon dupreanum:
(A) Angavobe, N = 24; (B) Angavokely, N = 24. Both raw numbers of infected individuals and prevalence (%) are indicated. Note that all sampled P. rufus from both Marovitsika and Ambakoana were negative for all infections (i.e. bat flies, bat fleas, and Bartonella spp.).
Fig 3.
Maximum likelihood phylogeny of representative gltA genes of Rhizobiales (ingroup: Bartonella spp.) (RAxML, GTR+G model, partitioned by codon position) (12).
KEL & ANGB—Madagascar samples. Blue: ex. Eidolon dupreanum (bat), Black: ex. Cyclopodia dubia (bat fly). RED comparative sequence ex. Cyclopodia dubia (bat fly) (9).