Figure 1.
Location of the study area, between Dakar and Thiès, Senegal.
The grid corresponds to 5*5 km cells that were used to design the entomological sampling strategy during the feasibility study [14]. Pixels that could harbor Glossina palpalis gambiensis as predicted by the Maxent model are coloured in red. White lozenges correspond to the livestock farms geo-referenced during the preliminary survey whereas circles correspond to the farms surveyed during the socio-economic survey (see text for details).
Figure 2.
Time table of the tsetse elimination project in the Niayes.
This table was used as a basis for the cost calculations.
Figure 3.
Frequencies of cattle breeds in relation to tsetse presence and farming system.
The frequency of trypanotolerant cattle can be associated with two dominant groups, one based mainly on trypanotolerant cattle, and the second based on improved breeds, present almost only in the tsetse free area. The latter can be subdivided into two sub-groups based on the frequency of Gobra zebu cattle, which is the main breed for meat production in the area: an improved livestock keeping system targeting milk production, and a second one targeting meat production.
Figure 4.
Boxplots of cattle herd size and annual sales of improved and trypanotolerant cattle.
Annual sales correspond to the total sales divided by the number of cattle present in the farm.
Table 1.
Description details of the three farming systems encountered in the Niayes.
Figure 5.
Distribution of the costs by partner (left) and component (right).
Table 2.
Breakdown of total costs of the tsetse elimination project in the Niayes area.
Table 3.
Breakdown of core components costs of the tsetse elimination project in the Niayes area.
Figure 6.
Comparison of the total costs of the project and increase in global cattle sales.
The figures (Euros) concern the Niayes area over a period of 30 years after the beginning of the project. Cattle sales include meat and milk sales. S1 corresponds to the scenario with a constant 2% annual replacement rate from traditional trypanotolerant farming systems to improved farming systems, and S2 to the scenario with an accelerated replacement rate according to the sociology of innovation (see text for details).
Table 4.
Main financial indicators of the tsetse elimination project.