Figure 1.
Distribution of hospitals and health centres in Nicaragua.
Figure 2.
Environmental regions and snake distribution.
Within the environmental regions, homogenous snake prevalence is assumed based on similarities in altitude, precipitation and geographical location (see Methods section).
Figure 3.
Snakebite incidence 2005–2009 according to data reported from the Nicaraguan Ministry of Health (MINSA).
Figure 4.
Snakebite mortality 2005–2009 according to data reported from the Nicaraguan Ministry of Health (MINSA).
Figure 5.
Seasonal distribution of rain and snakebites in three regions in Nicaragua.
The regions are aggregations of the regions in Figure 2. East Region = East Inland and Coast, West Region = West Coast North, Central, High and South. In order to produce a smooth graph line, the seasonal variation is shown as a sliding one-week mean of the week, the two previous and the two following weeks (a total of five weeks).
Table 1.
5-year snakebite incidence in environmental regions.
Table 2.
Snakebite incidence ratios of environmental regions, demographic variables and underreporting index categories in Poisson regression models.
Figure 6.
Spatial distribution of municipalities suspected to be underreporting.
The 10 municipalities with the worst underreporting indexes and the 24 municipalities identified as “low-reporters” (see Methods section: “Identification of underreporting”).