Table 1.
Origin of insects used and the estimated protein content per one salivary gland.
Figure 1.
Hyaluronidase activity of insects tested by dot method on polyacrylamide gel with incorporated hyaluronan.
Protein content per 2 µl dot is indicated in brackets. Tb = Tris buffer, Sh = sheep testicular hyaluronidase (10 µg), Rp = Rhodnius prolixus SGE (20 µg), Ph = Pediculus humanus BE (20 µg), Cf = Ctenocephalides felis BE (20 µg), Pp = Phlebotomus papatasi SGE (0.8 µg), Ck = Culicoides kibunensis BE (20 µg), As = Anopheles stephensi SGE (0.8 µg), Cq = Culex quinquefasciatus SGE (0.8 µg), Aa = Aedes aegypti SGE (1.3 µg), Oo = Odagmia ornata SGE (0.8 µg), El = Eusimulium latipes SGE (1.7 µg), Cv = Chrysops viduatus SGE (3.5 µg), Gf = Glossina fuscipes SGE (14 µg), Sc = Stomoxys calcitrans SGE (2.4 µg).
Figure 2.
Substrate specificity of hyaluronidases tested on polyacrylamide gel with incorporated chondroitin sulfate.
Protein content per 2 µl dot is indicated in brackets. Sh = sheep testicular hyaluronidase (10 µg), Cf = Ctenocephalides felis SGE (20 µg), Cq = Culex quinquefasciatus SGE (0.8 µg), Ck = Culicoides kibunensis BE (20 µg), Pp = Phlebotomus papatasi SGE (0.8 µg), Cv = Chrysops viduatus SGE (0.8 µg).
Figure 3.
SDS PAGE zymography under nonreducing conditions on polyacrylamide gel with incorporated hyaluronan.
Protein content per lane is given in brackets. Pp = Phlebotomus papatasi SGE (0.2 µg), Ck = Culicoides kibunensis BE (10 µg), Cq = Culex quinquefasciatus SGE (5.6 µg), El = Eusimulium latipes SGE (0.4 µg), Oo = Odagmia ornata SGE (0.4 µg), Cv = Chrysops viduatus SGE (0.2 µg), Cf = Ctenocephalides felis BE (15 µg).
Figure 4.
SDS PAGE zymography on the same gel as in Figure 3 but under reducing conditions.
Pp = Phlebotomus papatasi SGE (0.2 µg), Ck = Culicoides kibunensis BE (20 µg), Cq = Culex quinquefasciatus SGE (8 µg), El = Eusimulium latipes SGE (3 µg), Oo = Odagmia ornata SGE (3 µg), Cv = Chrysops viduatus SGE (0.3 µg), Cf = Ctenocephalides felis BE (15 µg).
Figure 5.
Effect of SDS on hyaluronidase activity in SGE of Culex quinquefasciatus.
Activity of hyaluronidase was tested by dot method on polyacrylamide gel with incorporated 0.002% hyaluronan and 0.001% SDS. Protein content per 2 µl dot is indicated in brackets. Sh = sheep testicular hyaluronidase (2 µg), Pp = Phlebotomus papatasi SGE (0.8 µg), Cq1 = Culex quinquefasciatus SGE (1.6 µg), Cq2 = Culex quinquefasciatus SGE (3.2 µg).
Figure 6.
Effect of hyaluronidase on Leishmania infection in mice.
BALB/c mice were coinoculated intradermally into ear with 104 or 105 Leishmania major and hyaluronidase equivalent to 0, 2 and 10 salivary glands of Phlebotomus papatasi. Lesion size, given as a product of its area (mm2) and the degree of ulceration (1–5), was monitored for 6 weeks post infection. Points (▪) = mean values, boxes = 95% confidence intervals, whiskers = min-max values. The p values of corresponding Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA are provided.