A functional crosstalk between circulating follicular helper 2 T cells and memory B cells drives anti-Plasmodium vivax antibodies
Fig 5
ASC differentiation and anti-PvDBPII antibody secretion after cTfh2-MBC co-cultures.
(A) Representative gating of ASC differentiation based on CD19+CD27+CD38+ cells in cTfh2-like cell-MBC co-cultures with various stimulation conditions: S1) rPvDBPII stimulation, S2) R848 and rPvDBPII stimulation, S3) rPvDBPII and IFN-γ, S4) no antigen stimulation (negative control). (B) The frequency of ASCs after co-culture. (C) Total IgG and anti-PvDBPII antibody levels were measured in culture supernatants. Each bar represents median, and error bar represents interquartile range (IQR). Statistical testing was performed by one-way ANOVA analysis and multiple-comparison by Dunn’s multiple comparison; *p-value < 0.05; **p-value < 0.005; ***p-value < 0.0005; ****p-value < 0.0001.