Comparison of serum vitamin D level and vitamin D receptor gene FokI polymorphism in leprosy patients with and without trophic ulcers: A case-control study

Paulus Anthony Halim; Sondang P. Sirait; Eliza Miranda; Yulia Ariani; Wresti Indriatmi; Hok Bing Thio

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0014205

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Comparison of serum vitamin D level and vitamin D receptor gene FokI polymorphism in leprosy patients with and without trophic ulcers: A case-control study

Paulus Anthony Halim,

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0754-1104

⨯
Sondang P. Sirait ,

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

* E-mail: sondangdr@yahoo.com

¶☯ SPS and EM are Joint Senior Authors.

Affiliation Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5167-5399

⨯
Eliza Miranda ,

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

¶☯ SPS and EM are Joint Senior Authors.

Affiliation Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
⨯
Yulia Ariani,

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, Human Genetic Research Center, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
⨯
Wresti Indriatmi,

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
⨯
Hok Bing Thio

Roles Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Dermatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
⨯

Comparison of serum vitamin D level and vitamin D receptor gene FokI polymorphism in leprosy patients with and without trophic ulcers: A case-control study

Paulus Anthony Halim,
Sondang P. Sirait,
Eliza Miranda,
Yulia Ariani,
Wresti Indriatmi,
Hok Bing Thio

Published: April 10, 2026
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0014205

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Ulcers
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Vitamin D
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Leprosy
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Vitamin D deficiency
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