Clinical features of puff adder envenoming: case series of Bitis arietans snakebites in Kenya and a scoping review of the literature

• Frank-Leonel Tianyi ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: frank.tianyi@lstmed.ac.uk (FT)

  Affiliations Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke, United Kingdom,, Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke, United Kingdom,

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5687-5285

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• Cecilia Ngari,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Kenya Snakebite Research and Intervention Centre, Kenya Institute of Primate Research, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya,

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• Mark Wilkinson,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke, United Kingdom,

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• Stanley Parkurito,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Kenya Snakebite Research and Intervention Centre, Kenya Institute of Primate Research, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya,

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• Elizabeth Chebet,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Mwingi sub-county hospital, Kitui County, Kenya,

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• Evans Mumo,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Chemolingot sub-county hospital, Baringo County, Kenya,

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• Anna Trelfa,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke, United Kingdom,

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• Denis Otundo,

  Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Kenya Snakebite Research and Intervention Centre, Kenya Institute of Primate Research, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya,

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• Edouard Crittenden,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke, United Kingdom,

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• Geoffrey Maranga Kephah,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Kenya Snakebite Research and Intervention Centre, Kenya Institute of Primate Research, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya,

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• Robert A. Harrison,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke, United Kingdom,

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• Ymkje Stienstra,

  Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke, United Kingdom,, Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke, United Kingdom,, Kenya Snakebite Research and Intervention Centre, Kenya Institute of Primate Research, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya,, Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

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• Nicholas R. Casewell,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke, United Kingdom,

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• David G. Lalloo,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke, United Kingdom,, Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke, United Kingdom,

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• George O. Oluoch

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke, United Kingdom,, Kenya Snakebite Research and Intervention Centre, Kenya Institute of Primate Research, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya,

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