A Nanobody/Monoclonal Antibody “hybrid” sandwich technology offers an improved immunoassay strategy for detection of African trypanosome infections

• Steven Odongo ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft

  * E-mail: steven.odongo@mak.ac.ug, opodongo@yahoo.co.uk

  Current address: Department of Biotechnical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Centre for Biosecurity and Global Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

  Affiliation Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Environment Technology and Food Technology KR01, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-8897

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• Bo-Kyung Jin,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Environment Technology and Food Technology KR01, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea

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• Hang Thi Thu Nguyen,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

  Affiliation Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Environment Technology and Food Technology KR01, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea

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• Magdalena Radwanska,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Environment Technology and Food Technology KR01, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, WE14, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

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• Stefan Magez

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Environment Technology and Food Technology KR01, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, WE10, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

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