Livestock herding and Fulani ethnicity are a combined risk factor for development of early adverse reactions to antivenom treatment: Findings from a cross-sectional study in Nigeria

• Stefanie K. Menzies,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9273-9296

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• Aniekan O. Thomas,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Department of Family Medicine, Nisa Garki Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria

  Affiliation Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

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• Frank-Leonel Tianyi,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

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• Saidu B. Abubakar,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Kaltungo General Hospital, Kaltungo, Gombe State, Nigeria

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• Abdulsalami Nasidi,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Special Projects Unit, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria

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• Nandul Durfa,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Special Projects Unit, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria

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• Rohit Patel,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4070-3256

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• Anna Trelfa,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Greater Manchester Health Protection Team, Public Health England, Manchester, United Kingdom

  Affiliation Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

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• David G. Lalloo,

  Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7680-2200

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• Abdulrazaq G. Habib,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Medicine, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria

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• Robert A. Harrison

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: Robert.Harrison@lstmed.ac.uk

  Affiliations Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9842-5573

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