High risk of early sub-therapeutic penicillin concentrations after intramuscular benzathine penicillin G injections in Ethiopian children and adults with rheumatic heart disease

• Ezra B. Ketema ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: aga.bely@gmail.com (EBK); laurens.manning@uwa.edu.au (LM)

  Affiliation Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6546-0591

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• Nigus Z. Gishen,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Medicine, DebreBerhan University, DebreBerhan, Ethiopia

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• Abraha Hailu,

  Roles Data curation, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia

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• Abadi Leul,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia

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• Abera Hadgu,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1006-7578

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• Kiflom Hagos,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia

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• Samual Berhane,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia

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• Temesgen Tsega,

  Roles Data curation

  Affiliation Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8822-5498

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• Madhu Page-Sharp,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia

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• Timothy ME Davis,

  Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0749-7411

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• Brioni Moore,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9792-7838

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• Kevin T. Batty,

  Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3850-1778

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• Jonathan Carapetis,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia, Wesfarmers Centre for Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia, Department of Infectious Diseases, Perth Children’s Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia

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• Sam Salman,

  Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia, Wesfarmers Centre for Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, PathWest, Western Australia, Australia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8276-6784

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• Laurens Manning

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: aga.bely@gmail.com (EBK); laurens.manning@uwa.edu.au (LM)

  Affiliations Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia, Wesfarmers Centre for Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia, Department of Infectious Diseases, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Australia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4334-5351

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