An investigation of conventional microbial culture for the Naja atra bite wound, and the comparison between culture-based 16S Sanger sequencing and 16S metagenomics of the snake oropharyngeal bacterial microbiota

• Yan-Chiao Mao ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors share first authorship on this work.

  Affiliations Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Clinical Toxicology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Toxicology and Occupational Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan

  ⨯
• Han-Ni Chuang ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors share first authorship on this work.

  Affiliations Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Precision Medicine Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

  ⨯
• Chien-Hung Shih,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliations Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Precision Medicine Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

  ⨯
• Han-Hsueh Hsieh,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation

  Affiliations Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Precision Medicine Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

  ⨯
• Yu-Han Jiang,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation

  Affiliation Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

  ⨯
• Liao-Chun Chiang,

  Roles Methodology

  Affiliations Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Clinical Toxicology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Toxicology and Occupational Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, National Tsing Hua University, College of Life Sciences, Hsinchu, Taiwan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4846-1837

  ⨯
• Wen-Loung Lin,

  Roles Methodology

  Affiliation Taichung Wildlife Conservation Group, Taichung, Taiwan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3308-6042

  ⨯
• Tzu-Hung Hsiao ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: d93921032@gmail.com (T-HH); liupoyu@gmail.com (P-YL)

  Affiliations Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Precision Medicine Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Department of Public Health, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0365-9970

  ⨯
• Po-Yu Liu

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: d93921032@gmail.com (T-HH); liupoyu@gmail.com (P-YL)

  Affiliations Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8006-4917

  ⨯