Outdoor Residual Insecticide Spraying (ODRS), a New Approach for the Control of the Exophilic Vectors of Human Visceral Leishmaniasis: Phlebotomus orientalis in East Africa

• Dia-Eldin A. Elnaiem ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: daelnaiem@umes.edu (DEAE); orin.courtenay@warwick.ac.uk (OC)

  Affiliation Department of Natural Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, MD, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3651-7904

  ⨯
• Osman Dakein,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation

  Affiliations Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Sudan, Kala azar Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Gedarif, Gedarif, Sudan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5713-8551

  ⨯
• Ahmed Mohammed-Ali Alawad,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliations Ministry of Health, Gedarif state, Sudan, Blue Nile Health Institute, Gezira University, Wad Medani, Sudan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7705-7617

  ⨯
• Bashir Alsharif,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Departamento de Entomologia, CPqAM, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Brasil and Dept of Medical Entomology, National Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Sudan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9974-3503

  ⨯
• Altayeb Khogali,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Blue Nile Health Institute, Gezira University, Wad Medani, Sudan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6519-7607

  ⨯
• Tayseer Jibreel,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Blue Nile Health Institute, Gezira University, Wad Medani, Sudan

  ⨯
• Omran F. Osman,

  Roles Investigation, Project administration

  Affiliation Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Sudan

  ⨯
• Hassan Has’san,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliations Ministry of Health, Gedarif state, Sudan, Blue Nile Health Institute, Gezira University, Wad Medani, Sudan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3114-6358

  ⨯
• Atia Mohamed Atia,

  Roles Project administration

  Affiliation ASCEND Program, Khartoum, Sudan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8452-7891

  ⨯
• Mousab Elhag,

  Roles Investigation, Project administration

  Affiliation Director, Directorate of Communicable Diseases, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-8243

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• Margriet Den Boer,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Medecins Sans Frontieres, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1598-2206

  ⨯
• Koert Ritmeijer,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Medecins Sans Frontieres, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5924-872X

  ⨯
• Caryn Bern,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8195-7303

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• Jorge Alvar,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative, Geneva, Switzerland

  ⨯
• Noteila Khalid,

  Roles Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Zoology, Ibn Sina University, Khartoum, Sudan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7333-0973

  ⨯
•  [ ... ],
• Orin Courtenay

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: daelnaiem@umes.edu (DEAE); orin.courtenay@warwick.ac.uk (OC)

  Affiliation Zeeman Institute and School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0188-6929

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