Colonization factors among enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolates from children with moderate-to-severe diarrhea and from matched controls in the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS)

• Roberto M. Vidal ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Roberto M. Vidal, Khitam Muhsen, Sharon M. Tennant

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4223-1985

  ⨯
• Khitam Muhsen ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Roberto M. Vidal, Khitam Muhsen, Sharon M. Tennant

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.

  Affiliation Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

  ⨯
• Sharon M. Tennant ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Roberto M. Vidal, Khitam Muhsen, Sharon M. Tennant

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

  ⨯
• Ann-Mari Svennerholm,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology at Institute of Biomedicine, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden

  ⨯
• Samba O. Sow,

  Roles Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Centre pour le Développement des Vaccins du Mali (CVD-Mali), Bamako, Mali

  ⨯
• Dipika Sur,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India.

  Affiliation National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India

  ⨯
• Anita K. M. Zaidi,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, United States of America.

  Affiliation Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan

  ⨯
• Abu S. G. Faruque,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  ⨯
• Debasish Saha,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: GSK Vaccines, Wavre, Belgium.

  Affiliation Medical Research Council (United Kingdom) Unit, Fajara, The Gambia

  ⨯
• Richard Adegbola,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: GSK Vaccines, Wavre, Belgium.

  Affiliation Medical Research Council (United Kingdom) Unit, Fajara, The Gambia

  ⨯
• M. Jahangir Hossain,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Medical Research Council (United Kingdom) Unit, Fajara, The Gambia

  ⨯
• Pedro L. Alonso,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Current address: WHO Global Malaria Programme in Geneva, Switzerland.

  Affiliations Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique, ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. Hospital Clínic—Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

  ⨯
• Robert F. Breiman,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Global Health Institute Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.

  Affiliations Kenya Medical Research Institute/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kisumu, Kenya, Global Disease Detection Division, Kenya Office of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya

  ⨯
• Quique Bassat,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique, ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. Hospital Clínic—Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

  ⨯
• Boubou Tamboura,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Centre pour le Développement des Vaccins du Mali (CVD-Mali), Bamako, Mali

  ⨯
• Doh Sanogo,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Centre pour le Développement des Vaccins du Mali (CVD-Mali), Bamako, Mali

  ⨯
• Uma Onwuchekwa,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Centre pour le Développement des Vaccins du Mali (CVD-Mali), Bamako, Mali

  ⨯
• Byomkesh Manna,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India

  ⨯
• Thandavarayan Ramamurthy,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India.

  Affiliation National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India

  ⨯
• Suman Kanungo,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India

  ⨯
• Shahnawaz Ahmed,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  ⨯
• Shahida Qureshi,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan

  ⨯
• Farheen Quadri,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan

  ⨯
• Anowar Hossain,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  ⨯
• Sumon K. Das,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  ⨯
• Martin Antonio,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Medical Research Council (United Kingdom) Unit, Fajara, The Gambia

  ⨯
• Inacio Mandomando,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique

  ⨯
• Tacilta Nhampossa,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique

  ⨯
• Sozinho Acácio,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique

  ⨯
• Richard Omore,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Kenya Medical Research Institute/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kisumu, Kenya

  ⨯
• John B. Ochieng,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Kenya Medical Research Institute/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kisumu, Kenya

  ⨯
• Joseph O. Oundo,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Kenya Medical Research Institute/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kisumu, Kenya

  ⨯
• Eric D. Mintz,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Division of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

  ⨯
• Ciara E. O’Reilly,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Division of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

  ⨯
• Lynette Y. Berkeley,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America.

  Affiliation Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

  ⨯
• Sofie Livio,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

  ⨯
• Sandra Panchalingam,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

  ⨯
• Dilruba Nasrin,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

  ⨯
• Tamer H. Farag,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America.

  Affiliation Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

  ⨯
• Yukun Wu,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, PA, United States of America

  Affiliation Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

  ⨯
• Halvor Sommerfelt,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Centre of Intervention Science in Maternal and Child Health, Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway

  ⨯
• Roy M. Robins-Browne,

  Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

  ⨯
• Felipe Del Canto,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5912-0283

  ⨯
• Tracy H. Hazen,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation The Institute of Genomic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

  ⨯
• David A. Rasko,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation The Institute of Genomic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7337-7154

  ⨯
• Karen L. Kotloff,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

  ⨯
• James P. Nataro,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America.

  Affiliation Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

  ⨯
•  [ ... ],
• Myron M. Levine

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: mlevine@som.umaryland.edu

  Affiliation Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5721-5040

  ⨯
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