Prevalence and clinical relevance of helminth co-infections among tuberculosis patients in urban Tanzania

• Francis Mhimbira ,

  * E-mail: fmhimbira@ihi.or.tz (FM); lukas.fenner@unibas.ch (LF)

  Affiliations Department of Intervention and Clinical Trials, Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8989-6832

  ⨯
• Jerry Hella,

  Affiliations Department of Intervention and Clinical Trials, Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

  ⨯
• Khadija Said,

  Affiliations Department of Intervention and Clinical Trials, Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

  ⨯
• Lujeko Kamwela,

  Affiliation Department of Intervention and Clinical Trials, Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

  ⨯
• Mohamed Sasamalo,

  Affiliations Department of Intervention and Clinical Trials, Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

  ⨯
• Thomas Maroa,

  Affiliation Department of Intervention and Clinical Trials, Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

  ⨯
• Magreth Chiryamkubi,

  Affiliation Department of Curative Services, Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

  ⨯
• Grace Mhalu,

  Affiliations Department of Intervention and Clinical Trials, Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

  ⨯
• Christian Schindler,

  Affiliations University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland

  ⨯
• Klaus Reither,

  Affiliations Department of Intervention and Clinical Trials, Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

  ⨯
• Stefanie Knopp,

  Affiliations University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland, Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Jürg Utzinger,

  Affiliations University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland

  ⨯
• Sébastien Gagneux,

  Affiliations Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

  ⨯
• Lukas Fenner

  * E-mail: fmhimbira@ihi.or.tz (FM); lukas.fenner@unibas.ch (LF)

  Affiliations Department of Intervention and Clinical Trials, Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

  ⨯