Global Spread of Human Chromoblastomycosis Is Driven by Recombinant Cladophialophora carrionii and Predominantly Clonal Fonsecaea Species

• Shuwen Deng,

  Affiliations Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China, First Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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• Clement K. M. Tsui,

  Affiliation British Columbia Public Health Microbiology & Reference Laboratory at BCCDC site, Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, Canada

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• A. H. G. Gerrits van den Ende,

  Affiliation CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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• Liyue Yang,

  Affiliation CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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• Mohammad Javad Najafzadeh,

  Affiliation Department of Parasitology and Mycology & Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

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• Hamid Badali,

  Affiliation Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology / Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

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• Ruoyu Li,

  Affiliation Research Center for Medical Mycology, Beijing Medical University, Beijing, China

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• Ferry Hagen,

  Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

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• Jacques F. Meis,

  Affiliations Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

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• Jiufeng Sun,

  Affiliation Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China

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• Somayeh Dolatabadi,

  Affiliations CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran

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• Bernard Papierok,

  Affiliation Institute Pasteur, Paris, France

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• Weihua Pan,

  Affiliation Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China

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• G. S. de Hoog ,

  * E-mail: de.hoog@cbs.knaw.nl (GSdH); liaowanqing@sohu.com (WL)

  Affiliations Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands, Research Center for Medical Mycology, Beijing Medical University, Beijing, China, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

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• Wanqing Liao

  * E-mail: de.hoog@cbs.knaw.nl (GSdH); liaowanqing@sohu.com (WL)

  Affiliation Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China

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