Hyperreactive Onchocerciasis is Characterized by a Combination of Th17-Th2 Immune Responses and Reduced Regulatory T Cells

• Gnatoulma Katawa ,

  ¶‡ GK and LEL contributed equally to this work. AH and TA also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliations Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany, Advanced School of Medical Biology and Food Technology (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo

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• Laura E. Layland ,

  ¶‡ GK and LEL contributed equally to this work. AH and TA also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany

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• Alex Y. Debrah,

  Affiliations Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi, Ghana, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences and School of Medical Sciences of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

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• Charlotte von Horn,

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany

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• Linda Batsa,

  Affiliation Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi, Ghana

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• Alexander Kwarteng,

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany

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• Sandra Arriens,

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany

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• David W. Taylor,

  Affiliation Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland

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• Sabine Specht,

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany

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• Achim Hoerauf ,

  * E-mail: hoerauf@microbiology-bonn.de

  ¶‡ GK and LEL contributed equally to this work. AH and TA also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany

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• Tomabu Adjobimey

  ¶‡ GK and LEL contributed equally to this work. AH and TA also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany

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