Expansion in CD39⁺ CD4⁺ Immunoregulatory T Cells and Rarity of Th17 Cells in HTLV-1 Infected Patients Is Associated with Neurological Complications

• Fabio E. Leal ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Fabio E. Leal, Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu

  Affiliations The Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Hawaii Center of AIDS, Department of Tropical Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America, Deparment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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• Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Fabio E. Leal, Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu

  Affiliations The Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Hawaii Center of AIDS, Department of Tropical Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America

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• Aaron M. Hasenkrug,

  Affiliation The Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

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• Fernanda R. Bruno,

  Affiliation Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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• Karina I. Carvalho,

  Affiliation Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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• Harry Wynn-Williams,

  Affiliation Hawaii Center of AIDS, Department of Tropical Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America

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• Walter K. Neto,

  Affiliations Molecular Biology Laboratory, Fundação Pró-Sangue, Hemocentro de São Paulo, Brazil, Department of Translational Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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• Sabri S. Sanabani,

  Affiliation Deparment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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• Aluisio C. Segurado,

  Affiliation Deparment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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• Douglas F. Nixon,

  Affiliation The Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

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• Esper G. Kallas

  * E-mail: esper.kallas@usp.br

  Affiliations Deparment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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