About the Authors

Mireille Ouedraogo

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Translational Research in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy, Centre National de Recherche et Formation sur le Paludisme, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Jana Christina Hey

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, Bernard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany, German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg—Lübeck—Borstel–Riems, Germany

Stan Hilt

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

Veronica Rodriguez Fernandez

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Translational Research in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Doris Winter

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, Bernard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany

Ravo Razafindrakoto

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Centre d’infectiologie Charles Merieux, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Pytsje T. Hoekstra

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

Youssouf Kabore

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Centre National de Recherche et Formation sur le Paludisme, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Marco Fornili

Roles Formal analysis

Affiliation Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Laura Baglietto

Roles Formal analysis

Affiliation Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Issa Nebie

Roles Resources

Affiliation Centre National de Recherche et Formation sur le Paludisme, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Govert J. van Dam

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

Paul L. A. M. Corstjens

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Cell & Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

Daniela Fusco

Roles Conceptualization, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, Bernard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany, German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg—Lübeck—Borstel–Riems, Germany

David Modiano

Roles Conceptualization, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy

Fabrizio Bruschi

Roles Conceptualization, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Translational Research in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Valentina D. Mangano

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

valentina.mangano@unipi.it

Affiliation Department of Translational Research in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.