About the Authors

Sara Padidar

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

spadidar@uniswa.sz

Affiliations Department of Biological Sciences, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni, Eswatini, Eswatini Antivenom Foundation, Simunye, Eswatini, Eswatini Snakebite Research and Intervention Centre, Simunye, Eswatini

Ara Monadjem

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Biological Sciences, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni, Eswatini, Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa

Thea Litschka-Koen

Roles Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Eswatini Antivenom Foundation, Simunye, Eswatini, Eswatini Snakebite Research and Intervention Centre, Simunye, Eswatini

Brent Thomas

Roles Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Nondusimo Shongwe

Roles Data curation, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Eswatini Antivenom Foundation, Simunye, Eswatini, Eswatini Snakebite Research and Intervention Centre, Simunye, Eswatini

Clare Baker

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Lindelwa Mmema

Roles Data curation, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Eswatini Antivenom Foundation, Simunye, Eswatini, Eswatini Snakebite Research and Intervention Centre, Simunye, Eswatini

Trevor Sithole

Roles Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Research Unit, Ministry of Health, Mbabane, Eswatini

James Murray

Roles Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Eswatini Antivenom Foundation, Simunye, Eswatini, Eswatini Snakebite Research and Intervention Centre, Simunye, Eswatini

Nicholas R. Casewell

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Jonathan Pons

Roles Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Eswatini Antivenom Foundation, Simunye, Eswatini, Eswatini Snakebite Research and Intervention Centre, Simunye, Eswatini

David G. Lalloo

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Robert A. Harrison

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Ymkje Stienstra

Roles Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases, Groningen, The Netherlands

Wisdom M. Dlamini

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Geography, Environmental Science and Planning, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni, Eswatini

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.