About the Authors

Andrew John Hanton

Roles Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

andrew.hanton@ed.ac.uk

Affiliations Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, NIHR Global Health Research Unit Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa (TIBA), University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Fiona Scott

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, NIHR Global Health Research Unit Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa (TIBA), University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Katharina Stenzel

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Norman Nausch

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Current address: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, Bonn, Germany.

Affiliation Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Grace Zdesenko

Roles Formal analysis

Affiliations Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, NIHR Global Health Research Unit Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa (TIBA), University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Takafira Mduluza

Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe

Francisca Mutapi

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, NIHR Global Health Research Unit Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa (TIBA), University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: FM - 1) WHO - Member, WHO Diagnostic Technical Advisory Group (DTAG) for neglected tropical diseases. Schistosomiasis Sub-group 2) UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) - Global Challenges Research Fund Strategic Advisory Group 3) UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office - Member, Science Advisory Group 4) WHO AFRO - Member of the WHO AFRO Independent Advisory Group No other authors report competing interests.