About the Authors

Hélène Cecilia

Contributed equally to this work with: Hélène Cecilia, Alex Drouin

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

helene.cecilia3@gmail.com (HC); benoit.durand@anses.fr (BD)

Current address: Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, United States of America

Affiliation Oniris, INRAE, BIOEPAR, Nantes, France

Alex Drouin

Contributed equally to this work with: Hélène Cecilia, Alex Drouin

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations ASTRE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Montpellier, France, Université Paris-Est, Anses, Laboratory for Animal Health, Epidemiology Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France

Raphaëlle Métras

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP, UMRS 1136), Paris, France, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Thomas Balenghien

Roles Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations ASTRE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Montpellier, France, CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Rabat, Morocco, IAV Hassan II, UR MIMC, Rabat, Morocco

Benoit Durand

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

helene.cecilia3@gmail.com (HC); benoit.durand@anses.fr (BD)

Affiliation Université Paris-Est, Anses, Laboratory for Animal Health, Epidemiology Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France

Véronique Chevalier

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations ASTRE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Montpellier, France, CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Antananarivo, Madagascar, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Pauline Ezanno

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Oniris, INRAE, BIOEPAR, Nantes, France

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.