About the Authors

Livingstone Tavul

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea

Moses Laman

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea

Cade Howard

Roles Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Bethuel Kotty

Roles Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea

Anna Samuel

Roles Data curation, Project administration, Software, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea

Catherine Bjerum

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Kobie O’Brian

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Steven Kumai

Roles Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

‡ Unavailable

Affiliation Bogia District Health Authority, Bogia, Papua New Guinea

Matthew Amuga

Roles Investigation, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea

Lina Lorry

Roles Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea

Zebedee Kerry

Roles Investigation, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea

Melvin Kualawi

Roles Investigation, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea

Stephan Karl

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield, Australia

Leo Makita

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation National Department of Health, Waigani, Papua New Guinea

Lucy N. John

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation National Department of Health, Waigani, Papua New Guinea

Sibauk Bieb

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation National Department of Health, Waigani, Papua New Guinea

James Wangi

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation WHO Papua New Guinea, NTD Program, Waigani, Papua New Guinea

Gary J. Weil

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Charles W. Goss

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Software, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Daniel J. Tisch

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

William Pomat

Roles Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea

Christopher L. King

Contributed equally to this work with: Christopher L. King, Leanne J. Robinson

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America, Veterans Affairs Research Service, Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Leanne J. Robinson

Contributed equally to this work with: Christopher L. King, Leanne J. Robinson

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

leanne.robinson@burnet.edu.au

Affiliations Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia, Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Author Steven Kumai was unable to confirm their authorship contributions. On their behalf, the corresponding author has reported their contributions to the best of their knowledge.