About the Authors

Tamara Nordmann

Contributed equally to this work with: Tamara Nordmann, Stefan Schlabe

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine & I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hamburg-Luebeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany

Stefan Schlabe

Contributed equally to this work with: Tamara Nordmann, Stefan Schlabe

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations University Hospital Bonn, Department of Internal Medicine I, Bonn, Germany, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Germany

Torsten Feldt

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation University Hospital Düsseldorf, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Düsseldorf, Germany

Federico Gobbi

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Infectious/Tropical diseases and Microbiology, IRCSS Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, Verona, Italy

Andreas Krieg

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Surgery (A), Heinrich-Heine-University and University Hospital Duesseldorf

Johannes G. Bode

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation University Hospital Düsseldorf, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Düsseldorf, Germany

Andre Fuchs

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Internal Medicine III–Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Augsburg, Germany

Christian Kraef

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections & Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark

Michael Praktiknjo

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations University Hospital Bonn, Department of Internal Medicine I, Bonn, Germany, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Germany

Jonel Trebicka

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine I, Goethe University Clinic Frankfurt, Germany

Michael Ramharter

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine & I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hamburg-Luebeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany

Marylyn M. Addo

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hamburg-Luebeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany, Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany, Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany

Christian Strassburg

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations University Hospital Bonn, Department of Internal Medicine I, Bonn, Germany, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Germany

Ansgar W. Lohse

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hamburg-Luebeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany, Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany

Tom Luedde

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation University Hospital Düsseldorf, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Düsseldorf, Germany

Stefan Schmiedel

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

‡ SS and HO also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany

Hans Martin Orth

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft

hansmartin.orth@med.uni-duesseldorf.de

‡ SS and HO also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation University Hospital Düsseldorf, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Düsseldorf, Germany

Competing Interests

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: Jonel Trebicka received speaking and consulting fees from W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. Ansgar W. Lohse received consulting fees from Genfit SA and Roche Pharma. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.