About the Authors

Nicole A. P. Lieberman

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Michelle J. Lin

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Hong Xie

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Lasata Shrestha

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Tien Nguyen

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Meei-Li Huang

Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Austin M. Haynes

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Emily Romeis

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Qian-Qiu Wang

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, National Center for STD Control, China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China

Rui-Li Zhang

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

Cai-Xia Kou

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, National Center for STD Control, China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China

Giulia Ciccarese

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Health Sciences Department, Section of Dermatology, San Martino University Hospital, Genoa, Italy

Ivano Dal Conte

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation STI Clinic, Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

Marco Cusini

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy

Francesco Drago

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Health Sciences Department, Section of Dermatology, San Martino University Hospital, Genoa, Italy

Shu-ichi Nakayama

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

Kenichi Lee

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

Makoto Ohnishi

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

Kelika A. Konda

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Unit of Health, Sexuality and Human Development and Laboratory of Sexual Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano-Heredia, Lima, Peru, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Silver K. Vargas

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Unit of Health, Sexuality and Human Development and Laboratory of Sexual Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano-Heredia, Lima, Peru

Maria Eguiluz

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Unit of Health, Sexuality and Human Development and Laboratory of Sexual Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano-Heredia, Lima, Peru

Carlos F. Caceres

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Unit of Health, Sexuality and Human Development and Laboratory of Sexual Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano-Heredia, Lima, Peru

Jeffrey D. Klausner

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Oriol Mitjà

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Fight Aids and Infectious Diseases Foundation, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain, Lihir Medical Centre-International SOS, Newcrest Mining, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea

Anne Rompalo

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Fiona Mulcahy

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Genito Urinary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

Edward W. Hook 3rd

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America

Sheila A. Lukehart

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Amanda M. Casto

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Pavitra Roychoudhury

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Frank DiMaio

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Lorenzo Giacani

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Alexander L. Greninger

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

agrening@uw.edu

Affiliations Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.