About the Authors

Insaf Bel Hadj Ali

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunisia

Hamed Chouaieb

Contributed equally to this work with: Hamed Chouaieb, Yusr Saadi Ben Aoun

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Resources

Affiliations Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunisia, Service de parasitologie, EPS Farhat Hached, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Université de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia

Yusr Saadi Ben Aoun

Contributed equally to this work with: Hamed Chouaieb, Yusr Saadi Ben Aoun

Roles Methodology, Validation, Visualization

Affiliation Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunisia

Emna Harigua-Souiai

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Visualization

‡ EHS and HS also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunisia

Hejer Souguir

Roles Validation

‡ EHS and HS also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunisia

Alia Yaacoub

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Resources

Affiliations Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunisia, Service de parasitologie, EPS Farhat Hached, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Université de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia

Oussaïma El Dbouni

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, Rafik Hariri Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon

Zoubir Harrat

Roles Resources

Affiliation Laboratoire d’Eco-épidémiologie Parasitaire et Génétique des Populations, Institut Pasteur d’Algérie, Algiers, Algeria

Maowia M. Mukhtar

Roles Conceptualization, Resources

Affiliation Bioscience Research Institute, Ibn Sina University, Khartoum, Sudan

Moncef Ben Said

Roles Conceptualization, Resources

Affiliation Service de parasitologie, EPS Farhat Hached, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Université de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia

Nabil Haddad

Roles Investigation, Methodology

Affiliation Laboratory of Immunology and Vector-Borne Diseases, Faculty of Public Health Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon

Akila Fathallah-Mili

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Resources

Affiliations Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunisia, Service de parasitologie, EPS Farhat Hached, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Université de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia

Ikram Guizani

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

ikram.Guizani@pasteur.tn

Affiliation Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunisia

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.