About the Authors

Tomoko Hiraoka

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan, Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan

Ngo Chi Cuong

Roles Data curation, Investigation

Affiliations Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan, Department of Infectious Diseases, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam

Sugihiro Hamaguchi

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of General Internal Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan

Mihoko Kikuchi

Roles Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan

Shungo Katoh

Roles Data curation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan, Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan, Department of General Internal Medicine, Nagasaki Rosai Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan

Le Kim Anh

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Resources

Affiliation Vietnam Research Station, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Hanoi, Vietnam

Nguyen Thi Hien Anh

Roles Investigation, Resources

Affiliation National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam

Dang Duc Anh

Roles Project administration, Supervision

Affiliation National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam

Chris Smith

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Global Health, School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan, Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, United Kingdom

Haruhiko Maruyama

Roles Validation

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan

Lay-Myint Yoshida

Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration, Supervision

Affiliations Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan

Do Duy Cuong

Roles Project administration, Resources, Supervision

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam

Pham Thanh Thuy

Roles Supervision

Affiliations Department of Infectious Diseases, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam, Infection Prevention and Control, The Partnership for Health Advancement in Vietnam (HAIVN), Hanoi, Vietnam

Koya Ariyoshi

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

kari@nagasaki-u.ac.jp

Affiliations Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan, Department of Global Health, School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.