About the Authors

Takafira Mduluza

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Biochemistry, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe, TIBA Zimbabwe, NIHR Global Health Research Unit Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa (TIBA) at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Caitlin Jones

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Centre for Infection, Immunity & Evolution and Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, NIHR Global Health Research Unit Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa (TIBA) at the University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Derick N. M. Osakunor

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre for Infection, Immunity & Evolution and Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Rivka Lim

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology

Affiliations Centre for Infection, Immunity & Evolution and Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, NIHR Global Health Research Unit Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa (TIBA) at the University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Julius K. Kuebel

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Centre for Infection, Immunity & Evolution and Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, NIHR Global Health Research Unit Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa (TIBA) at the University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Isaac Phiri

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Epidemiology & Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Child Care, Harare, Zimbabwe

Portia Manangazira

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Epidemiology & Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Child Care, Harare, Zimbabwe

Paradzayi Tagwireyi

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Geography and Environmental Science, Geo-information and Earth Observation Centre, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe

Francisca Mutapi

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

f.mutapi@ed.ac.uk

Affiliations Centre for Infection, Immunity & Evolution and Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, NIHR Global Health Research Unit Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa (TIBA) at the University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.