About the Authors

Tulika Singh

Contributed equally to this work with: Tulika Singh, Cesar A. Lopez

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Cesar A. Lopez

Contributed equally to this work with: Tulika Singh, Cesar A. Lopez

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Camila Giuberti

Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas—Universidade Federal do Espίrito Santo, Vitoria, Espίrito Santo, Brazil

Maria L. Dennis

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Project administration

Affiliation Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Hannah L. Itell

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Current address: Molecular and Cellular Biology PhD program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Affiliation Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Holly J. Heimsath

Roles Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision

Affiliation Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Helen S. Webster

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Hunter K. Roark

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Paulo R. Merçon de Vargas

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation

Affiliation Department of Pathology, Universidade Federal do Espίrito Santo, Vitoria, Espίrito Santo, Brazil

Allison Hall

Roles Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Ralph G. Corey

Roles Conceptualization

Affiliation Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Geeta K. Swamy

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Reynaldo Dietze

Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas—Universidade Federal do Espίrito Santo, Vitoria, Espίrito Santo, Brazil, Global Health & Tropical Medicine—Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical—Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal

Helen M. Lazear

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

helen.lazear@med.unc.edu (HML); sallie.permar@duke.edu (SRP)

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Sallie R. Permar

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

helen.lazear@med.unc.edu (HML); sallie.permar@duke.edu (SRP)

Affiliation Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Competing Interests

TS, CAL, CG, MLD, HLI, HJH., PMV, AH, RD, HSW, HKR, and HML all certify no potential conflicts of interest. SRP is serving as a consultant for vaccine programs at Merck, Pfizer, and Moderna. GKS is on the scientific advisory board for investigational vaccine products with Saol Therapeutics and GlaxoSmithKline, the Chair of Data Safety and Monitoring Board with Pfizer, and the site PI at Duke for testing investigational vaccines and products with Novavax, Regeneron, and GlaxoSmithKline/Novartis. In the past three years, RGC has served as a consultant for Arsanis, Basilea, Bayer, Cempra, Contrafect, Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Melinta, Merck, Motif, Paratek, Parion Sciences, Quintiles, Regeneron, SCPharma, The Medicines Company, and Theravance. Moreover, RGC has served on the Adjudication Committee at Bio2 Medical and Novella, the scientific advisory board of Medtronic and Tetraphase, and on the Mortality Board of Pfizer.