About the Authors

Kristin M. Wall

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft

kmwall@emory.edu

Affiliations Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

William Kilembe

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Bellington Vwalika

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia

Cecile Dinh

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Paul Livingston

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Yeuk-Mui Lee

† Deceased.

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Shabir Lakhi

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia

Debi Boeras

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Htee Khu Naw

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Ilene Brill

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, Ryals School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America

Elwyn Chomba

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Ministry of Home Affairs, Zambian Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia

Tyronza Sharkey

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Rachel Parker

Roles Data curation, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Erin Shutes

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Malaria Team, Global Health Program, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Amanda Tichacek

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

W. Evan Secor

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Susan Allen

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.