About the Authors

Narcisse Patrice Komas

Contributed equally to this work with: Narcisse Patrice Komas, Paul Dény

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

npkomas@yahoo.fr (NPK); paul.deny@inserm.fr (PD)

Affiliation Laboratoire des hépatites virales, Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic

Sumantra Ghosh

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Software, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft

Affiliation INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France

Mariama Abdou-Chekaraou

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Software, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft

Affiliations INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France, Service de Microbiologie Clinique, Hôpital Avicenne, Groupe des Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Seine Saint-Denis, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France, Université Paris 13/Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Santé Médecine Biologie Humaine, Bobigny, France

Pierre Pradat

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft

Affiliations INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France, Center for Clinical Research, Croix-Rousse Hospital, Lyon, France, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France/Université de Lyon I, Lyon, France

Nasser Al Hawajri

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Validation

Affiliation Agence de Biomédecine, Saint Denis, France

Alexandre Manirakiza

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Service d’Épidémiologie, Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic

Gina Laure Laghoe

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Validation

Affiliation Laboratoire des hépatites virales, Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic

Claudine Bekondi

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Validation

Affiliation Laboratoire des hépatites virales, Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic

Ségolène Brichler

Roles Investigation, Software, Supervision, Validation

Affiliation Service de Microbiologie Clinique, Hôpital Avicenne, Groupe des Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Seine Saint-Denis, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France, Université Paris 13/Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Santé Médecine Biologie Humaine, Bobigny, France

Jean-Omer Ouavéné

† Deceased.

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Resources, Visualization

Affiliation Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital de l’Amitié, Avenue Indépendance, Bangui, Central African Republic

Abdoulaye Sépou

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Supervision

Affiliation Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Hôpital Communautaire de Bangui, Avenue des Martyrs, Bangui, Central African Republic

Brice Martial Yambiyo

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Software

Affiliation Service d’Épidémiologie, Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic

Jean Chrysostome Gody

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Resources, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Complexe Pédiatrique de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic

Valentin Fikouma

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Resources, Validation, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Centre de Traitement Ambulatoire de l’Hôpital Communautaire de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic

Athénais Gerber

Roles Investigation, Resources, Software, Validation

Affiliation Service de Microbiologie Clinique, Hôpital Avicenne, Groupe des Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Seine Saint-Denis, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France, Université Paris 13/Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Santé Médecine Biologie Humaine, Bobigny, France

Natali Abeywickrama Samarakoon

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Software, Supervision, Validation

Affiliation INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France

Dulce Alfaiate

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft

Affiliation INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France

Caroline Scholtès

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation

Affiliations INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France/Université de Lyon I, Lyon, France, Laboratoire de Virologie, Croix-Rousse Hospital, Lyon, France

Nora Martel

Roles Investigation, Software, Validation

Affiliation INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France

Frédéric Le Gal

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Supervision, Validation

Affiliation Service de Microbiologie Clinique, Hôpital Avicenne, Groupe des Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Seine Saint-Denis, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France, Université Paris 13/Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Santé Médecine Biologie Humaine, Bobigny, France

Hugo Lo Pinto

Roles Investigation, Validation

Affiliation INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France

Ikram Amri

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Validation

Affiliation INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France

Olivier Hantz

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Resources, Validation

Affiliation INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France

David Durantel

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision

Affiliation INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France

Jean-Louis Lesbordes

Roles Investigation, Resources, Visualization

Affiliation INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France

Emmanuel Gordien

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision

Affiliation Service de Microbiologie Clinique, Hôpital Avicenne, Groupe des Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Seine Saint-Denis, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France, Université Paris 13/Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Santé Médecine Biologie Humaine, Bobigny, France

Philippe Merle

Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision, Validation

Affiliations INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France/Université de Lyon I, Lyon, France

Tudor Drugan

Roles Data curation, Resources, Software, Validation

Affiliation Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

Christian Trépo

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft

Affiliations INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France/Université de Lyon I, Lyon, France

Fabien Zoulim

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France/Université de Lyon I, Lyon, France

Jean-Claude Cortay

Roles Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft

Affiliation INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France

Alan Campbell Kay

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Resources, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France

Paul Dény

Contributed equally to this work with: Narcisse Patrice Komas, Paul Dény

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

npkomas@yahoo.fr (NPK); paul.deny@inserm.fr (PD)

Affiliations INSERM, U1052, UMR CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France, Service de Microbiologie Clinique, Hôpital Avicenne, Groupe des Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Seine Saint-Denis, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France, Université Paris 13/Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Santé Médecine Biologie Humaine, Bobigny, France

Competing Interests

PD and NPK report grants from Agence Nationale de recherche sur le Sida et les Hépatites virales (ANRS #12202) PD reports grants from Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, non-financial support from Siemens Diagnostics, during the conduct of the study; personal fees from Gilead, outside the submitted work; In addition, PD has a patent Dény Paul, Radjef Nadjia, Huc-Anais Patricia, Molécules d’acides nucléiques d’HDV, leurs fragments et leurs applications, 01 12285 issued to Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris le 24 septembre 2001; Extension internationale PCT/FR02/03239 au nom de Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris le 23 septembre 2002, - PD and FLG have a patent Dény Paul, Gault Elyanne, Le Gal Frédéric, « Quantitative detection of HDV » issued to Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris le 6 aout 2004; Extension internationale PCT/IB2005/002628 au nom de Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris le 27 juillet 2005. All the other authors have no conflict of interest.