About the Authors

Liang Cui

Contributed equally to this work with: Liang Cui, Yie Hou Lee

Affiliation Infectious Diseases Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Singapore

Yie Hou Lee

Contributed equally to this work with: Liang Cui, Yie Hou Lee

Affiliation KK Research Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore

Tun Linn Thein

Affiliation Communicable Disease Center, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore

Jinling Fang

Affiliation Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore

Junxiong Pang

Affiliations Communicable Disease Center, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore

Eng Eong Ooi

Affiliations Infectious Diseases Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Singapore, Emerging Infectious Diseases Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore

Yee Sin Leo

Affiliations Communicable Disease Center, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore

Choon Nam Ong

Affiliations Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, NUS Environment Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore

Steven R. Tannenbaum

srt@mit.edu

Affiliations Infectious Diseases Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Singapore, Departments of Biological Engineering and Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LC YHL TLT EEO YSL CNO SRT. Performed the experiments: LC YHL JF. Analyzed the data: LC YHL JF JP. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LC YHL TLT EEO YSL CNO SRT JP. Wrote the paper: LC YHL TLT JF EEO YSL CNO SRT.