About the Authors

Karthik Mallilankaraman

Contributed equally to this work with: Karthik Mallilankaraman, Devon J. Shedlock

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Devon J. Shedlock

Contributed equally to this work with: Karthik Mallilankaraman, Devon J. Shedlock

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Huihui Bao

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Omkar U. Kawalekar

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Paolo Fagone

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Aarthi A. Ramanathan

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Bernadette Ferraro

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Jennifer Stabenow

Affiliation Regional Biocontainment Lab, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America

Paluru Vijayachari

Affiliation Regional Medical Research Centers, Indian Council of Medical Research, Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India

Senthil G. Sundaram

Affiliation Regional Medical Research Centers, Indian Council of Medical Research, Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India

Nagarajan Muruganandam

Affiliation Regional Medical Research Centers, Indian Council of Medical Research, Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India

Gopalsamy Sarangan

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute, Chennai, India

Padma Srikanth

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute, Chennai, India

Amir S. Khan

Affiliation Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Blue Bell, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Mark G. Lewis

Affiliation Bioqual Inc, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

J. Joseph Kim

Affiliation Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Blue Bell, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Niranjan Y. Sardesai

Affiliation Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Blue Bell, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Karuppiah Muthumani

muthuman@mail.med.upenn.edu

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

David B. Weiner

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The DBW laboratory notes possible commercial conflicts associated with this work, which may include the following: Pfizer, Inovio, BMS, VGXi, Virxsys, Ichor, Novartis, Merck, MVI, Althea, and Aldevron, and possibly others.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: K. Muthumani, D. Weiner. Performed the experiments: K. Mallilankaraman, D. Shedlock, H. Bao, O. Kawalekar, P. Fagone, A. Ramanathan, J. Stabenow, S. Sundaram, N. Muruganandam, G. Sarangan, A. Khan, M. Lewis, K. Muthumani. Analyzed the data: K. Mallilankaraman, D. Shedlock, H. Bao, B. Ferraro, K. Muthumani. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: D. Shedlock, P. Vijayachari, P. Srikanth, J. Kim, N. Sardesai. Wrote the paper: K. Muthumani, D. Shedlock, K. Mallilankaraman.