About the Authors

Paul H. Davis

Current address: Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America, Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Minghe Chen

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Xiaochun Zhang

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

C. Graham Clark

Affiliation Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

R. Reid Townsend

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Samuel L. Stanley Jr.

sstanley@id.wustl.edu

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America, Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PHD RRT SLS. Performed the experiments: PHD MC XZ CGC RRT. Analyzed the data: PHD MC XZ CGC RRT SLS. Wrote the paper: PHD CGC SLS.