In the subsection titled “A strict interpretation of predictive coding does not accurately compute gradients” within the Results section, there is an error in the sixth sentence of the seventh paragraph. The correct sentence is: Note that the prediction errors, , should also be updated on each iteration.
There is an error in Algorithm 2 within the Results section. The equation should be
and the equation
should be
.
There is an error in Algorithm 3 within the Results section. The equation should have been
.
In the subsection titled “Predictive coding modified by the fixed prediction assumption using a step size of η = 1 computes exact gradients in a fixed number of steps” within the Results section, the equation in the third sentence of the third paragraph should have been
.
In the subsection titled “Predictive coding modified by the fixed prediction assumption using a step size of η = 1 computes exact gradients in a fixed number of steps” within the Results section, the equation in the eighth sentence should be
.
In the subsection titled “Predictive coding with the fixed prediction assumption and η = 1 is functionally equivalent to a direct implementation of backpropagation” within the Results section, there is an error in the third sentence of the third paragraph. The correct sentence is: If we additionally want to compute the fixed point beliefs, then they can still be computed using the relationship .
Reference
Citation: Rosenbaum R (2025) Correction: On the relationship between predictive coding and backpropagation. PLoS ONE 20(3): e0320944. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320944
Published: March 25, 2025
Copyright: © 2025 Robert Rosenbaum. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.